如果你在打电玩时有如下症状：
自制力差，无法控制游戏时长及强度……
将游戏作为生活重心……
不顾负面影响不断延长游戏时间……
因为游戏而严重影响了正常家庭生活、社交或工作……
当心！
你可能患上了一种“精神疾病”！
Do you find yourself spending more time playing video games and unable to stop easily? If yes, maybe you should start to worry because you might be addicted to gaming, which is now a mental disorder.
今年年初，世界卫生组织（WHO）决定，将在今年发布的第11次修订版《国际疾病分类》（ICD-11）中正式将“游戏成瘾”（gaming disorder）列为精神疾病，相关规定自6月19日起生效，并将通知世界各国政府，将“游戏成瘾”纳入医疗体系。
Gaming disorder has officially been classified as a mental health condition for the first time by the World Health Organization (WHO), according to the 11th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) released on Monday.
“游戏成瘾”的定义是什么？
根据世卫组织6月18日发布的最新版《国际疾病分类》，“游戏成瘾”的症状包括：
1. 对游戏的自控力低下（游戏频率、强度、持续时间等）；
Impaired control over gaming (e.g., onset, frequency,intensity, duration, termination, context);
2. 愈发将电玩的重要性置于其他生活兴趣和日常活动之上；
Increasing priority given to gaming to the extent thatgaming takes precedence over other life interests and daily activities;
3. 即使有负面影响也仍然不肯停止和放弃游戏。
Continuation or escalation of gaming despite the occurrenceof negative consequences.
First listed in ICD-11's draft last December, gaming disorder is defined by WHO as "a pattern of persistent or recurrent gaming behavior ('digital gaming' or 'video-gaming'), which may be online (i.e., over the Internet) or offline."
The designation by WHO is expected to prompt insurance companies to cover gaming-related mental issues, which may encourage gamers to seek help from therapists.
就“游戏成瘾”的诊断标准而言，新版《国际疾病分类》称，当事人的游戏行为应已达到对个人、家庭、社交、教育、工作等方面造成重大影响的程度（The behavior pattern is of sufficient severity to result in significant impairment in personal, family, social, educational, occupational or other important areas of functioning）；
据世卫组织，“游戏成瘾”这一精神疾病通常需要至少12个月才能确诊，但如成瘾特征明显，也可缩短诊断时间（The gaming behavior and other features are normally evident over a period of at least 12 months in order for a diagnosis to be assigned, although the required duration may be shortened if all diagnostic requirements are met and symptoms are severe）。
何为《国际疾病分类》？
《国际疾病分类》（ICD）是世界范围内通用的医疗信息语言。经历一百多年的不断修订，诞生于1893年的《国际疾病分类》已经成为国际通行的流行病学调查、卫生管理和临床诊断的标准和工具。
ICD is the foundation for the identification of health trends and statistics globally, and the international standard for reporting diseases and health conditions. It is the diagnostic classification standard for all clinical and research purposes.
The first international classification edition, known as the International List of Causes of Death, was adopted by the International Statistical Institute in 1893.
(Source: The official website of WHO)
专家：中国马上将“游戏成瘾”列为精神疾病的可能性不大
根据《2017年中国游戏产业报告》，截至2017年底，中国游戏用户规模已达5.83亿人，移动游戏在游戏市场份额中占比最大，达到57%。
近些年，青少年因沉迷网游而荒废学业、疏离家庭、甚至危及他人人身安全的消息屡登报端。然而目前在中国，“游戏成瘾”还并未被列入疾病范畴加以治疗。
△杭州13岁男孩因玩《王者荣耀》被家长训斥，后跳楼致多处粉碎性骨折，被送医院时还要求登录手游账号……
△2018年高考前夕，来自武汉的马女士致信全国考生，以儿子沉迷网游导致高考失利的实例发出告诫：远离网游，决不能因沉迷游戏而葬送前途。
北京大学第六医院精神卫生研究所主任医师田成华介绍称，第11次修订版《国际疾病分类》在国内的施行需要长期过程， “游戏成瘾”可正式划归疾病进行治疗还需一定时间。
Gaming addiction has yet to be recognized as a mental disorder in China despite gaming’s popularity, with the number of Chinese video game users reaching 583 million by the end of 2017, according to a report jointly released by the China Audio-video and Digital Publishing Association (GPC), Gamma Data and the International Data Corporation (IDC).
According to Tian Chenghua, a professor at the Institute for Psychiatric Research at Peking University's No. 6 Hospital, there is still a long way to go for gaming disorder to be treated as a disease in China despite its listing as a mental health condition by WHO, China National Radio reported.
国内企业推出了哪些具体的防游戏沉迷措施？
去年，腾讯以《王者荣耀》为试点，先后推出了健康游戏防沉迷三大措施，其中包括：
1.限制游戏时长：12周岁以下（含12周岁）的未成年每天限制玩一小时，晚上21点后禁止登陆。12周岁以上的未成年则每天限玩两小时，超出时间限制将会被强制退出游戏。
2.一键禁玩：2月，腾讯推出“成长守护平台”服务，实现家长对指定的子女设备实施一键禁玩的操作。
3.实名认证：5月，腾讯推出游戏实名认证系统。没有完成实名注册的帐号，无法进入《王者荣耀》进行游戏。
In July last year, Tencent, the Chinese Internet giant behind the hugely popular role-playing game "Honor of Kings", announced it would limit children to playing the game for no more than an hour a day in an attempt to prevent them from online game addiction.
Parents were also enabled with real-time supervision of their children and the ability to immediately shut down game access by registering on a surveillance website, as part of the disciplinary measures enforced by the Internet behemoth.
Launched in November 2015 by Tencent's Timi Studio, "Honor of Kings", in which players battle mythical beasts in a fantasy landscape, has amassed over 200 million registered users with adolescents accounting for almost half, according to the 2016 annual report of the Shenzhen-based company.
电影《头号玩家》（“Ready for One”）中，男主角在接手虚拟游戏宇宙 “绿洲”（Oasis）后，发布了每周二、周四停服的规定，以此告诫玩家：虚拟游戏世界纵然令人留恋沉迷，但应适可而止，珍惜现实生活，因为：
“只有现实，才是唯一真实的东西。”
“Reality is the only thing that’s real.”
别让网游成为逃离现实世界的最后一根稻草，
也别因一时的快意留下余生悔不当初的遗憾。
