声音是什么？| 音波音色，音高音量，关于声音的游戏内卷第二波（musical balls）

——[2bU9]双语工程2101期057号Becky D197-198

关于声音的游戏，执行力超强的宝爸宝妈们也开始卷起来啦，这是小编又发现的一篇比较精彩的打卡，知识点满满，宝爸宝妈们赶紧点赞收藏加标签，方便需要的时候随时用起来。

Game： Visit the Farm at Night

M: Have you been to a farm at night?
E: No.
M: Me neither. I'll take you to visit Ali Baba's farm tonight. Bring the flashlight.
M & E: "Ali Baba, he has a little farm…" (2b U7 Ali Baba's Farm)
M: It's dark. It is too dark to see much. Turn on your flashlight. Let's sit on the bed and listen. Listen to the sounds of animals. "Neigh, neigh." Can you hear the sound?E: Yes, I can hear the sound: "Neigh, neigh."
M: What animals can make that sound?
E: Horses.
M: Right. Shine the flashlight to the closet and find the horse.
M & E: "Little horse, …neigh, neigh, neigh. I can hear the little horse, neigh, neigh, neigh."
E: I found it.
M: Good. You can keep it.
M: Listen. "Hiss, hiss." Can you hear the sound? What's that sound?
漆黑之中通过动物叫声找到动物们藏在什么地方，Becky提着手电来找动物回家

game2：hide and seek with blindfold
P: There are some new animals in our home. Close your eyes and count out loud from one to twenty. Then you will hear the sound of an animal. Try to find it.
K: Ok, one…twenty.
P: Caw, caw, …Sam, I’m here. Can you hear me? Caw, caw.
K: Yes, I can hear you.
P: You found me! I’m a crow. I’m a bird. I’m black. I can make the sound:
“Caw, caw, caw.”
P & K: “Little crow…”
P: There is another animal waiting for you. Close your eyes and count out loud from one to twenty. Then you will hear the sound.
K: One…twenty.
P: Hoo, hoo, hoo…Jayden, can you hear me? Hoo, hoo, hoo.
P: I see a little one. I’m an owl. I can make the sound: “Hoo, hoo, hoo.” I hunt small animals at night. I want to eat you! Run to the living room.
P & K: “Little owl…”
P: Oh, I didn’t catch you.

P: Now, close your eyes and count out loud from one to twenty. Then you will hear the sound of the last animal.
K: One…twenty.
P: Heehaw, heehaw, heehaw…Can you hear me?
P: Who am I?
K: Horse.
P: No, I’m a donkey. I can make the sound: “Heehaw, heehaw…” Do you want to ride a donkey?
K: Yes.
P: Ride on my back.
P & K: “Little donkey…”
闭着眼睛捉迷藏，通过听声音找到动物们藏在哪里

00:11

Experiments of sound

01 声音产生 what is sound

We play Ukelele to maky music. there are four strings on the board with different thickness. the strings viberate to make sound.

p: We can sing. We can talk and we can read. We can make sounds. Our sounds fill the air. Where do our sounds come from?
S: The sounds come out of our mouth.But the sounds start from our throat.
Put your finger on your neck. And now you can make the sound. Can you feel your throat shake?
That is called Vocal cord. The vocal cords can shake to make sounds. The vocal cords are inside the throat, in the middle of your neck.
Vocal cords shake back and forth very fast. And this is called vibrating.
Now be quiet. Feel your throat again. And your vocal cords are still. they are not vibrating. So there is no sound.

Make Music with Water Glasses

In this science experiment, we explore sound and pitch（音高） by turning glasses of water into musical instruments.
we need:
Water glassed all the same size.
a measuring cup
a pencil

1.Pour one ounce od water into the first glass,two ounces into the second glass,three ounces into the third glass,and so on ...

2.Tap each glass with pencil

3, listen to the sound that comes from each galss,the less water in the glass,the higer the sound will be.

4.Tap on each glass,go on the scale,Go down the scale,pretend you are playing a tune on a xylophone.

Sound waves themselves are invisible, but you can sometimes feel them, and you can see them when they bump into something solid and make it move.
The sound waves sound the same when the glasses are empty, but when you add water, it changes the size of the sound waves, because many of the sound waves created have to travel through the water before they can reach your ear.

This changes the pitch of the sound you are hearing.
The more water, the lower the pitch. The less water, the higher the pitch.

按道理说水位高声音低，但是我们听到的好像刚好相反。。。。不知道哪里出了问题。反正水位不同，音高不同就对了。

See the sound

Materials

Radio or CD Player with musicLarge glass bowlPlastic wrap包装Rubber Bandgrains of riceThis is also a very loud experiment, Use your ear protection because of your sensitivity to sound. You can keep this set of ear protective ear muffs on hand for various

Directions

1. Place a piece of plastic wrap on the top of a glass bowl and straighten as best as possible. Wrap a rubber band around the plastic wrap to hold it in place.
2. Set grains of rice onto the plastic wrap. we just put the tissue balls on there randomly.
3. Place the bowl next to a speaker and play music. Is the rice moving?

02 声音传播 why we can hear the sound

M：Honey, Can we see sound waves?

Of course not! But when sound waves reach our ears, it will make tiny bones in our ears vibrate. Then we can hear the sound. So We must protect our ears or we will be deaf.
Sound waves travel through solid, air and water.

Through Solid

Here is a paper cup phone. Now pull the string right between the cups. Put your ear to the cup and listen. Can you hear me? That means the sound waves travel through the string, a solid stuff. But the sound stops if the string is loose and can’t vibrate.

(用手指摩擦地板，听不到声音，但是趴在地上，耳朵贴地，就能听到。声音能通过地面传播）

Through Air

Honey, keep quiet. Can you hear any music. Now I will turn up the volume, can you hear it? The sound waves travel through air to your ear, then you can hear it. That’s the reason why we can talk with each other.

（大声说话，离得很远也能听到，声音通过空气传播）

Through Water

Here is a basin full of water. Keep your ears above the water. Now I will turn on the stereo and put it in the basin. What happens? Can you still hear the music?

03 声音测量

Sounds are an important part of our lives. Some sounds are quiet, some are loud.
How much you weigh is measured in pounds. How tall you stand is measured in inches. How loud you yell is measured in decibels.
Let's use the sound meter to measure the surrounding sound and noise in the decibel unit.

This kind of tool could tell us the exact decibel of sound.

We also use a recorder to see the fluctuation of high pitch and low pitch. Becky knew that the higher the pitch, the higher the wave.

关于耳朵

The ear is made up of three different sections:

the outer ear

the middle ear

and the inner ear

pinna 耳廓 /'pɪnə/
It is the first part of the ear that reacts with sound.without this funnel the sound waves would take a more direct route into the auditory canal.
Sound waves 声波Once the sound waves have passed the pinna, they move two to three centimetres into the auditory canal before hitting the eardrum, also known as the tympanic membrane. The function of the ear canal is to transmit sound from the pinna to the eardrum.
声波通过耳廓后，会移动2到3厘米进入听觉通道
在撞击鼓膜之前，也被称为鼓膜。耳道的作用是
将声音从耳廓传到耳膜。

Eardrum 鼓膜
The eardrum (tympanic membrane), is a membrane at the end of the auditory canal and marks the beginning of the middle ear. The eardrum is extremely sensitive and pressure from sound waves makes the eardrum vibrate. In order to protect the eardrum, the auditory canal is slightly curved making it more difficult for insects, for example, to reach the eardrum. At the same time, earwax in the auditory canal also helps to keep unwanted materials like dirt, dust and insects out of the ear.
鼓膜(鼓膜)是位于听道末端的一层膜，是中耳的开始部分。耳膜对声音非常敏感，声波使耳膜振动。为了保护鼓膜，耳道是轻微的弯曲使昆虫更难到达鼓膜。与此同时，耳垢在耳道中也有助于阻止灰尘和昆虫进入耳朵。

Sound is made if something vibrates. If something moves back and forth rapidly, the air moves too and makes waves. These movements are called sound waves or vibrations. The waves enter our ear, the brain starts to work, and we hear the bell ring.

Do you know that you have a drum in your ear?This drum is not a kind of instrument.The eardrum is a membrane at the end of the auditory canal and marks the beginning of the middle ear. The eardrum is extremely sensitive and pressure from sound waves makes the eardrum vibrate.

you have 3 tiniest bones in your body which are attached to the eardrum. Together they form a short chain that crosses the middle ear and transmits vibrations caused by sound waves from the eardrum membrane to the liquid of the inner ear.