and,but和or是初中英语的常见并列连词,用于引导两个并列的词、短语或句子。有许多同学都不能正确的使用它们,在考试中经常的犯错误。今天我就给大家讲解一下它们的用法区别。还不会的同学抓紧学习一下吧。先说一下它们在表意方面的区别。and的基本意思是“和,与”,是一个表示并列含义的并列连词,or的基本意思是“或者,还是”是一个表示选择含义的并列连词,而but的基本意思是“但是”,是一个表示转折含义的并列连词。另外它们还有如下用法方面的区别:
1. 表示并列关系时,and经常用于肯定句,or通常用于否定句。
There are some desks and chairs in the classroom.
There are not any desks or chairs in the classroom.
---I don’t like apples ___ bananas.
---I don’t like apples, ___ I like bananas very much.
A. and; and B. and; but
C. or; but D. or;and
答案C。否定句中表并列用or, but 表转折。
2. 表示选择关系时,经常用or,不用and。例如:
Is he a teacher or a student?
他是老师还是学生?
Do you like playing games or watching TV?
你喜欢玩游戏还是看电视?
Are they runnning or reading ?
他们是在跑步还是在阅读?
3. or可以表示“否则”的含义,表示相反的假设,而and则没有。
例如:
Work hard,or you will fall behind.
你要努力学习,否则会落后。
Hurry up, or you will be late.
快点,否则你就要迟到了。
4. 构成固定的关联结构。either…or译为"或者……或者……" both……and……译为“……和……都”。前者谓语动词的主谓一致采用就近原则,后者谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:
Either you or I am right.
不是你对,就是我对。
Both Jim and John are students
吉姆和约翰都是学生。
5. but只连接表示转折关系的句子。即,肯定含义的句子 否定含义的句子,或者否定含义的句子 肯定含义的句子。
例如:
She isn't tall, but she runs fast.
她身高不高但是跑的很快。
She likes English, but she doesn't like maths.
她喜欢英语学科但是不喜欢数学学科。
实战演练
选择题
1.--Hurry up, Tom,__________we'll be late for the movie.
--OK, I will.
A. but B. or C. and
2. They don’t think Jim can do the job,__________he has decided to show them he can.
A. but B. or C. and
3.Please bring your notebook _______ your pen to the class.
A. but B. or C. and
4.--Anna, what a nice dress you are wearing today!
--Thank you. It fits me well,________the colour is not my favourite.
A. but B. or C. and
5.Follow(遵照) the teachers' instructions(指示),________you may get hurt .
A. but B. or C. and
6.Would you like some coffee _______ tea?
A. but B. or C. and
7.She can speak both English ________ Spanish.
A. but B. or C. and
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