【猪译馆】全球猪病监测报告2023年9月（上）

译者的话

在某些领域国内已做到了遥遥领先，对比国家层面的非洲猪瘟防控策略：美国应对非瘟的“红皮书”和美国猪群健康改善计划、英国的2025年边境战略、加拿大的非洲猪瘟产业防范计划、欧洲的非瘟补贴资金投入量，遥遥领先似乎不在我们这边。养猪产力和产能严重内卷的当下，类似于巴西的“无接种口蹄疫”的出口潜能也许是中国养殖业突围的参考。全球猪病监测祥况，请看9月版。

全球猪病监测报告2023年9月（上）

Swine Disease Global SurveillanceReport, Sept. 2023 - Part 1

报告关键点Report Highlights

● 瑞典首次报告非洲猪瘟：在斯德哥尔摩西北约124英里的法格什塔市发现7头死猪，其中一头被检测为非洲猪瘟阳性，目前正在进行更多检测。

First report of ASF in Sweden: Seven dead boars found in Fagersta - some 124 miles north-west of Stockholm – one tested positive for ASF with more testing being done.

● 美国农业部动植物卫生检疫局发布了最新版的ASF红皮书。

APHIS released a new version of the ASF Red Book

● 意大利非洲猪瘟：伦巴第大区的一个家猪场首次暴发非洲猪瘟。

ASF in Italy: First outbreak in a domestic farm in Lombardy.

● 巴西的口蹄疫控制：圣巴勃罗将成为巴西第七个宣布不接种疫苗的口蹄疫无疫州。

FMD control in Brazil: Sao Pablo will become Brazil’s seventh state to be declared a non- vaccination FMD disease-free zone.

入境点的监测

Surveillance at Points of Entry

● 菲律宾：安蒂克省当局查获来自非洲猪瘟(ASF)阳性地区的1,100多磅非法猪肉产品。

The Philippines: Authorities from Antique province seized over 1100 pounds of illegal pork products coming from African swine fever- (ASF-) positive regions.

● 美国入境口岸：美国海关与边防局在来自越南旅客的行李中发现未经认证的猪肉产品。

US point of entry: CBP found uncertified pork products in the luggage of travelers from Vietnam.

上表中的颜色代表疫情的严重程度，这是基于对美国养猪行业确定的危害和潜在的风险划分的；等级(R) 1：蓝色—风险状态没有改变；2：红色—需要额外关注，因为疫情是动态的；3：黑色—需要考虑改变操作以降低对美国养猪业的风险。

Outbreaks described in the table above are colored according to an assigned significance score. The score is based on the identified hazard and potential to affect the US swine industry. Rank (R) Blue: 1 - no change in status; Red: 2 - needs extra attention as the situation is dynamic; Black: 3 - requires consideration or change in practices to reduce exposure to the US swine industry.

非洲猪瘟

政策简报

POLICY BRIEF

美国 USA

2023年7月，美国农业部发布了非洲猪瘟应对计划的更新版本，称为“红皮书”，作为对西半球日益严重的非洲猪瘟传播威胁的回应。为了加强美国对可能暴发的非洲猪瘟的准备，动植物卫生检验局(APHIS)采取了重大措施。这些行动包括建立非洲猪瘟保护区，加强在波多黎各和美属维尔京群岛的监测和疫情缓解工作，以及启动新的主动战略，在这些领土上减轻和预防非洲猪瘟。

In July 2023, USDA released an updated version of the African Swine Fever Response Plan, known as The Red Book, as a response to the growing threat of ASF spread in the Western Hemisphere. To enhance the United States' preparedness for a potential ASF outbreak, the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) has undertaken significant measures. These actions include the establishment of an ASF Protection Zone, reinforcement of surveillance and mitigation efforts in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, and the initiation of new proactive strategies to mitigate and prevent ASF in these territories.

与此同时，动植物卫生检验局加快了跨重要领域的准备工作。这包括扩大对家猪和野猪的非洲猪瘟主动监测，验证其他的诊断样本类型，扩大实验室能力，为国家兽医储备采购设备，以促进猪场清群和猪群处理的处置，并推进各项补充工作。

Concurrently, APHIS has accelerated its readiness initiatives across vital domains. This includes the expansion of active ASF surveillance in both domestic pig and feral swine populations, validation of additional diagnostic sample types, expanding laboratory capacity, procuring equipment for the National Veterinary Stockpile to facilitate swine depopulation and disposal, and advancing various supplementary endeavors.

最新的非洲猪瘟应对计划得到了加强，其中包括从政策对话、制定应对指南中获得的宝贵见解，以及从涉及联邦、州和行业利益攸关方的协作演习中吸取的经验教训。在外来动物疾病准备和应对计划(FAD PReP)的框架中，这个更新的版本整合了以前的版本，从的相关材料中修订而来。一些关键的变化包括：

The latest ASF Response Plan has been enhanced with valuable insights derived from policy dialogues, the development of response guidelines, and lessons learned from collaborative exercises involving Federal, State, and Industry stakeholders. This updated edition integrates previous versions with revisions from related materials within the Foreign Animal Disease Preparedness and Response Plan (FAD PReP). Some key changes include:

● 通过符合国际标准和实施严格的生物安全和卫生措施，在波多黎各和美属维尔京群岛的美国领土上建立保护区(PZ)：若在保护区内暴发非洲猪瘟，美国大陆可保持无疾病状态。动植物卫生检验局还加强了诸如移动控制、动物识别和可追溯性等措施，以确保保护区内的动物与其他种群之间的明确区分。建立保护区的联邦命令(FO)包括暂停生猪、猪种质的州际运输，并对来自波多黎各(PR)和美属维尔京群岛的猪产品和副产品实施过境许可限制。为了提供支持，美国动植物检疫检验局植物保护和检疫(PPQ)机构利用出发前计划对从波多黎各和美属维尔京群岛到美国大陆的乘客和小包裹货物进行了检查，以检查是否携带违禁猪产品。植物保护和检疫机构与快递公司和美国邮政服务公司合作，建立了一项联合倡议，检查寄往美国大陆的邮件，找出任何被禁止的动植物产品。此外，在保护区和整个国家都加强了监测，包括野生动物监测。

Establishing Protection Zones (PZ) for the U.S. territories of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands in the Caribbean through meeting international standards and implementing rigorous biosecurity and sanitary measures: in the event of an ASF outbreak within the PZ, the continental United States maintains the disease-free status. APHIS has also bolstered measures such as movement control, animal identification, and traceability to ensure clear differentiation between animals within the PZ and other populations. The Federal Order (FO) establishing the PZ includes suspending interstate movement of live swine, swine germplasm and placing restrictions along with transit permit requirements on swine products and byproducts from Puerto Rico (PR) and the U.S. Virgin Islands. In support, the APHIS Plant Protection and Quarantine (PPQ) agency has utilized the pre-departure program to screen passengers and small parcel cargo from Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands to the continental U.S. for prohibited swine products. Collaborating with express couriers and the United States Postal Service, PPQ has set up a joint initiative to inspect mail destined for the continental U.S., identifying any prohibited animal or plant products. Moreover, heightened surveillance has been implemented both in the PZ and across the entire country, including wildlife monitoring.

● 实施美国猪健康改善计划：由美国农业部动植物卫生检验局资助的一项试点计划，即美国猪健康改善计划(US SHIP)，旨在鼓励对健康猪群进行认证，主要针对非洲猪瘟和经典猪瘟。它寻求建立以生物安全、可追溯性和监测原则为中心的标准，以提高美国猪的健康，同时确保它们的保护和认证。该计划为自愿参与，使参与州的猪肉生产商和屠宰场能够在满足特定要求的情况下报名参加。截至2023年初，该计划已获得认可，包括主要生猪生产地区在内的32个州积极参与。目前，超过一半的美国猪群，总计超过9000名参与者，参加了该计划。行业利益相关者对通过规则制定过程将该计划作为美国农业部的官方倡议表现出浓厚的兴趣。随着试点的推进，动植物卫生检验局正在不断评估将该计划转变为美国农业部官方倡议的可行性。

Implementing US Swine Health Improvement Program: a pilot initiative funded by APHIS, known as the US Swine Health Improvement Program (US SHIP), aiming to encourage the certification of healthy swine herds with a primary focus on targeting ASF and CSF. It seeks to establish standards centered around biosecurity, traceability, and surveillance principles to enhance the health of American swine while ensuring their protection and certification. The program operates on a voluntary basis, enabling pork producers and packing facilities in participating States to enroll if they meet specified requirements. As of early 2023, the program has gained traction, with 32 states, including major swine-producing regions, actively engaged. Currently, more than half of the U.S. swine population, amounting to over 9,000 participants, is enrolled in the program. Industry stakeholders have demonstrated keen interest in establishing the program as an official USDA initiative via the rulemaking process. As the pilot advances, APHIS is continually evaluating the feasibility of transitioning the program into an official USDA initiative.

英国 UK

为加强生物安全，加强对威胁的控制，确保货物畅通，英国实施了新的边境管制措施。边境目标运营模式与2025年边境战略保持一致，引入了强有力的安全和生物安全控制措施，包括新的欧盟进口控制措施和简化的全球商品进口流程，利用英国脱欧后的机会。这些措施可以防范外来动物疾病引入、非法进口等威胁，并增强贸易伙伴的信心。这种模式优化了技术和数据，简化了贸易流程，采用基于风险的方法，最大限度地减少了企业的重复和文书工作。因此，与最初计划的2022年进口模型相比，该系统预计每年为企业节省约5.2亿英镑。

To strengthen biosecurity and enhance control over threats, as well as ensure smooth flow of goods, the UK implements new border control measures. The Border Target Operating Model, aligned with the 2025 Border Strategy, introduces robust security and biosecurity controls, including novel EU import controls and streamlined import processes for global goods, harnessing post-Brexit opportunities. Such measures safeguard against threats like FADs introduction, illegal imports, and bolster trade partner confidence. This model optimizes technology and data to streamline trade processes, adopting a risk-based approach to minimize duplication and paperwork for businesses. As a result, this system is expected to save businesses approximately £520 million annually compared to the initially planned import model for 2022.

该模型确认了三个关键阶段的控制措施：

This model confirms the rollout of controls through three key stages:

● 截止2024年1月31日：从欧盟进口的中等风险动物产品、植物、植物产品和非动物来源的高风险食品(和饲料)将需要获得健康认证。

By January 31, 2024: Health certification will be required for imports of medium-risk animal products, plants, plant products, and high-risk food (and feed) of non-animal origin from the EU.

● 截止2024年4月30日：将开始对来自欧盟的中等风险动物产品、植物、植物产品和非动物来源的高风险食品(和饲料)进行文件和基于风险的身份信息检查，以及实物检查。来自世界其他地区的卫生和植物检疫进口将遵循新的基于风险的方法。

By April 30, 2024: Documentary and risk-based identity checks, along with physical checks on medium-risk animal products, plants, plant products, and high-risk food (and feed) of non- animal origin from the EU, will begin. Sanitary and Phytosanitary imports from the rest of the world will follow the new risk-based approach.

● 截止2024年10月31日：欧盟进口产品的安全和保障声明将被强制执行，同时减少进口数据集。

By October 31, 2024: Safety and Security declarations for EU imports will be enforced, accompanied by a reduced dataset for imports.

该计划的推出引起了业界的关注

Rolling out the program raising concern among the industry

英国政府因将对欧盟进口商品实施关键边境检查的时间推迟到2024年1月而受到批评。这些检查，包括卫生和植物检疫(SPS)控制，最初计划于2023年10月进行，但已多次推迟。相比之下，自2021年1月以来，欧盟对英国肉类出口实施了严格的SPS控制。这一延迟引发了人们对英国生物安全、动物健康和食品安全的担忧，尤其是与非洲猪瘟等疾病有关的担忧。行业利益相关者认为，缺乏这些控制措施会使农户面临风险，并危及国家的粮食安全。

The UK government has faced criticism for delaying the implementation of crucial border checks on imports from the European Union (EU) until January 2024. These checks, including sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) controls, were initially scheduled for October 2023 but have been postponed multiple times. In contrast, the EU has enforced strict SPS controls on UK meat exports since January 2021. The delay has raised concerns about the UK's biosecurity, animal health, and food safety, particularly in relation to diseases like ASF. Industry stakeholders argue that the absence of these controls puts farmers at risk and jeopardizes the country's food security.

国家养猪协会(NPA)警告说，缺乏控制使英国养猪业面临非洲猪瘟的风险增加，非洲猪瘟继续在欧洲许多国家传播。政府称，企业需要更多时间来适应新的控制措施，这是推迟实施的一个原因。然而，行业组织强调了实施这些措施的紧迫性，以防止诸如非洲猪瘟等疾病的引入，这些疾病对英国的农业和粮食安全构成了重大威胁。

The National Pig Association (NPA) warns that the lack of controls exposes the UK pig sector to an increased risk of ASF, which continues to circulate in many countries in Europe. The government cites the need for more time for businesses to adapt to the new controls as a reason for the delay. However, industry groups emphasize the urgency of implementing these measures to prevent the introduction of diseases, such as ASF, which pose a significant threat to the UK's agricultural industry and food security.

欧洲 EUROPE

8月(2023年1月8日至2023年8月30日)，10个欧洲国家(波黑、克罗地亚、意大利、科索沃、拉脱维亚、摩尔多瓦、波兰、罗马尼亚、塞尔维亚和乌克兰)通过欧盟动物信息系统报告了1,169起家猪非洲猪瘟疫情，比上个月(n=740)增加了1.6倍。保加利亚、爱沙尼亚、立陶宛和北马其顿没有报告农场进一步暴发疫情。

In August (08/01/2023 - 08/30/2023), 10 European countries (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Italy, Kosovo, Latvia, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Serbia, and Ukraine) reported 1169 ASF outbreaks in domestic pigs through the EU Animal Information System, 1.6 times more compared to the previous month (n=740). Bulgaria, Estonia, Lithuania, and North Macedonia did not report further outbreaks on the farms.

疫情暴发数量最多的是克罗地亚(n=404)、波黑 (n=313)和罗马尼亚(n=252)，主要影响小型后院养猪场，其中大多数养猪场养的猪少于5头，最大的一个猪场位于克罗地亚，存栏19头猪，波黑最大的养猪场有14头猪，罗马尼亚受影响的后院养猪场的存栏数在1头至136头之间。据来自粮农组织-全球动物疾病信息系统的信息，俄罗斯在阿穆尔斯卡亚州、弗拉季米尔斯卡亚州、罗斯托夫斯卡亚州、库尔斯卡亚州、萨马斯卡亚州、滨海州和斯塔夫罗波尔斯基州共报告了8起疫情，猪场规模在1至80头猪之间。

The largest number of outbreaks occurred in Croatia (n=404), Bosnia and Herzegovina (n=313), and Romania (n=252), affecting predominantly small backyard premises, the majority of which contained fewer than 5 pigs, and the largest - 19 pigs in Croatia, in Bosnia and Herzegovina the largest affected farm contained 14 pigs, and in Romania affected backyard premises contained between one and 136 animals. According to FAO Empres-i, a total of eight outbreaks were reported in Russia in Amurskaya, Vladimirskaya, Rostovskaya, Kurskaya, Samarskaya Oblasts, Primorskiy, and Stavropolskiy Kray, involving premises containing from one to 80 pigs.

15个国家报告了500例野猪疫情：波黑、保加利亚、克罗地亚、捷克共和国、爱沙尼亚、德国、匈牙利、意大利、科索沃、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、波兰、塞尔维亚、斯洛伐克和罗马尼亚，与上个月相比增加了1.4倍(n=358)。拉脱维亚(196例)、波兰(147例)和德国(45例)暴发的病例最多。

Regarding the wild boar population, 500 outbreaks were reported across 15 countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Kosovo, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Serbia, Slovakia, and Romania, presenting 1.4 times increase compared to the previous month (n=358). The largest number of outbreaks took place in Latvia (n=196), Poland (n=147), and Germany (n=45).

在爱沙尼亚已观察到非洲猪瘟流行毒株的明显变化：据信，南部各县的疫情起源于拉脱维亚和俄罗斯，因为它们与爱沙尼亚其他地区流行的非洲猪瘟毒株有所不同。波黑报告的非洲猪瘟疫情主要发生在其与克罗地亚接壤的北部边境，范围从布尔奇科到巴尼亚卢卡。

Distinct variations in the circulating strains of ASF have been observed in Estonia: outbreaks in southern counties are believed to have originated in Latvia and Russia, as they exhibit differences from the ASF strains prevalent in other parts of Estonia. Bosnia and Herzegovina has reported ASF outbreaks primarily along its northern border with Croatia, spanning from Brčko to Banja Luka.

然而，在检测野猪的非洲猪瘟和评估受影响地区野猪群时所采用的具体监测策略缺乏明确性。据粮农组织-全球动物疾病信息系统，俄罗斯报告在罗斯托夫斯卡亚州、下戈罗罗德斯卡亚州和马里埃尔共和国发生了四起新的疫情。

However, there is a lack of clarity regarding the specific surveillance strategy employed to detect ASF in wild boar within the country and to assess wild boar populations in the affected region. Russia reported four new outbreaks in Rostovskaya, Nizhegorodskaya oblasts and the Mari El Republic, according to FAO Empres-i.

自今年年初以来，已在家猪中报告了2,322起疫情，与去年同期相比有显著增加，去年同期仅发生了324起疫情(大约增加了7倍)。值得注意的是，三个国家——波黑、克罗地亚和塞尔维亚——在仅仅两个月(7月和8月)就报告了1,600多起家猪疫情，其中大多数发生在小型后院农场。此外，在2023年1月1日至2023年9月1日期间，通过欧盟欧洲委员会动物疾病信息系统报告了6,076例野猪病例(去年n=5092)。

Since the start of the year, 2322 outbreaks have been reported in domestic pigs, a significant increase compared to the same period last year when there were only 324 outbreaks (an approximately sevenfold increase). It's worth noting that three countries - Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and Serbia - have reported more than 1,600 outbreaks in domestic pigs in just two months (July and August), with most of them occurring in small backyard farms. Additionally, 6076 outbreaks in wild boar (last year n=5092) were reported through the EU ADIS (01/01/2023 - 09/01/2023).

图1：非洲猪瘟疫情在欧洲的分布(绿色：家猪；红色：野猪)。2023年8月1日至2023年8月30日)(来源：粮农组织-全球动物疾病信息系统)

Map 1. The distribution of African swine fever outbreaks in Europe (in green: domestic pigs; in red: wild boars): August 1, 2023 - August 30, 2023) (Source: FAO EMPRES-i)

区域大事记

Regionalhighlights:

● 波黑：8月1日：莫德里查市发现首例非洲猪瘟病例。在莫德里查市的弗拉尼亚克地区核实了该市暴发的首例非洲猪瘟。对发病的一头猪立刻实施了安乐死。在接下来的24小时内，该家庭农场的其余5头 猪业进行了安乐死，然后根据规定进行了适当的埋葬。该事件已通告国家兽医检查员和有关部门，预计弗拉尼亚克地区将被指定为受感染地区，半径10公里方位将被划定为潜在感染区。

Bosnia and Herzegovina | August 1: first ASF case detected in Modriča. The outbreak of ASF within the Modriča municipality was verified in the locality of Vranjak. The disease was confirmed in one pig, which was promptly euthanized. Within the next 24 hours, the remaining five animals within this family's household underwent the same procedure, followed by their appropriate interment according to regulations. Jovica Radulović, the Mayor of the Modriča municipality and also the head of the Staff, conveyed that they had notified both the national veterinary inspector and the relevant ministry about the situation. He expressed his anticipation for the Vranjak area to be designated as infected, leading to a radius of 10 kilometers being demarcated as a potential infection zone.

● 与此同时，比耶利纳地区的非洲猪瘟疫情也导致了对15,000多头猪实施安乐死及后续处置。此外，农业、林业和水资源管理部通过土地支付局拨出了200多万马克(约合人民币800万元)的款项，用于支持执行旨在净化该疾病的措施而带来的损失。

Meanwhile, ASF in the Bijeljina region has resulted in the euthanizing and proper disposal of more than 15,000 animals. Additionally, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Water Management, through the Agency for Agrarian Payments, allocated a sum surpassing two million marks (equivalent to $1,108,248) to support the repair of damages and the implementation of measures aimed at controlling and eradicating the disease.

据对外经济贸易部兽医事务所透露，截至8月7日，波黑已有560个农场中发现了ASF，导致28,784头猪被安乐死(自6月22日首次报告以来)。在斯普斯卡共和国境内，已在463个农场确诊该病毒，导致26,788头猪安乐死。在波黑联邦，已在30个农场确定了该病毒，导致196头猪安乐死。在布尔奇科地区，该病毒已影响到67个农场，需要对1,800头猪实施安乐死。

According to the Veterinary Office of the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Relations, as of August 7, ASF has been verified on 560 farms in Bosnia and Herzegovina, leading to the euthanasia of 28,784 pigs (since its first report on June 22). Within the Republika Srpska, the virus has been confirmed on 463 farms, resulting in the euthanasia of 26,788 pigs. In the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the virus has been ascertained on 30 farms, prompting the euthanasia of 196 pigs. In the Brčko District, the virus has impacted 67 farms, necessitating the euthanasia of 1,800 pigs.

● 拉脱维亚：8月8日：该国确诊第七起家猪非洲猪瘟疫情。在叶卡布皮尔斯市镇Vīpe地区的家猪中发现了非洲猪瘟疫情，导致58头猪被扑*。这是今年第七次在家猪中暴发非洲猪瘟。食品及兽医署强烈建议养殖户采取严格的生物安全措施，包括把猪圈养在室内、避免与野生动物接触、避免给猪喂食园地产品，以及对垫草材料采取预防措施。食品及兽医署还强调，如果猪出现疾病迹象及时联系兽医的重要性。

Latvia | August 8: the seventh ASF outbreak among domestic pigs registered in the country. An ASF outbreak has been identified among domestic pigs in the Vīpe area of Jēkabpils municipality, resulting in the culling of 58 pigs. This marks the seventh ASF outbreak among domestic pigs this year. The Food and Veterinary Service (PVD) strongly advises swine keepers to adhere to stringent biosecurity measures, including keeping pigs indoors, avoiding contact with wild animals, refraining from feeding pigs with garden produce, and taking precautions with bedding materials. The PVD also emphasizes the importance of promptly contacting a veterinarian if pigs show signs of illness.

尽管采取了控制措施，但该疾病现已蔓延到拉脱维亚的第八个养猪场，并于8月15日在雷泽克内市镇的Nagļi教区确认暴发了非洲猪瘟。至此，今年共有8起家猪疫情，扑*了269头猪。

Despite control efforts, the disease has now spread to the eighth pig farm in Latvia, with an ASF outbreak confirmed in Nagļi parish, Rēzekne municipality, on August 15th. This brings the total number of outbreaks of domestic pigs this year to eight, affecting various regions, and over 269 pigs culled.

在库尔泽梅和东维泽梅，在野猪种群中报告了许多非洲猪瘟病例。然而，北拉特盖尔的野猪死亡数量大幅减少，去年同期暴发了342起，而今年只有23起。向北拉特加尔市提交的被猎*野猪数量也从去年的2,016只减少到今年的369只，大幅减少。

In Kurzeme and East Vidzeme, numerous cases of ASF have been reported in wild boar populations. However, North Latgale has seen a significant decrease in the number of deceased wild boars, with only 23 outbreaks compared to 342 in the same period last year. The number of hunted wild boars submitted to the North Latgale administration has also dropped significantly, from 2,016 in the previous year to 369 this year.

● 意大利：8月17日：非洲猪瘟袭击伦巴第的第一个养猪场，伦巴第是意大利北部养猪生产的关键地区。非洲猪瘟是在意大利北部的一个农场发现的，该农场拥有该国很大一部分养猪业。这标志着在北部地区首次在家猪中暴发非洲猪瘟。世界卫生组织的一份报告指出，在伦巴第帕维亚省靠近蒙特贝罗德拉巴塔利亚村的一个农场证实了该病毒的存在。该农场共饲养了166头猪，其中130头感染了病毒。所有未死于该病毒的猪随后都被扑*。尽管官员声称该事件是一起孤立事件，与其他农场无关，但一周后，即8月24日和8月27日，在Zinasco村附近的两个邻近农场发现了新的疫情，距离最初的农场西北约10英里(16公里)。第一次暴发影响了26头猪，其中23头猪在兽医当局收到警报时已经死亡。第二次暴发导致31头猪死亡，报告中没有提到具体的猪群规模。这些新的疫情引起了区域当局的关注，特别是在其中一个病例中，农场主报告延迟。因此，从上月29日开始，对伦巴第地区的生猪流动实施了更严格的管制。这些规定包括临床检查、监测死亡率趋势、对最近死亡的猪进行脾脏采样和血液采样。此外，在疫区半径10公里范围内禁止所有生猪活动。由于额外的工作量，这些检测要求并没有得到意大利养猪生产者的一致认可。

Italy| August 17: ASF hits first pig farm in Lombardy - a key area for swine production in the north of Italy. The disease has been detected on a farm situated in the northern part of Italy, which hosts a significant portion of the country's pig industry. This marks the initial outbreak of ASF in domestic pigs within the northern region. As indicated in a report from WOAH, the presence of the virus was confirmed on a farm located in Lombardy's Pavia province, in close proximity to Montebello della Battaglia village. The farm housed a total of 166 pigs, with 130 of these animals having contracted the virus. All pigs that had not succumbed to the virus were subsequently culled. Despite the claims of officials that the incident was an isolated occurrence and had no connection to other farms, a week later, on August 24 and August 27, new outbreaks were detected on two neighboring farms near the village of Zinasco, approximately 10 miles (16 km) northwest of the initial farm. The first outbreak affected 26 pigs, with 23 of them already deceased when veterinary authorities were alerted. The second outbreak resulted in the death of 31 pigs, with no specific herd size mentioned in the report. These new outbreaks have raised concerns among regional authorities, particularly regarding delayed reporting by farm owners in one of the cases. Consequently, stricter regulations for pig movement in Lombardy were implemented starting on August 29. These regulations include clinical examinations, monitoring mortality trends, spleen sampling from recently deceased pigs, and blood sampling. Additionally, within a 10- kilometer radius of the affected area, all pig movements have been prohibited. These testing requirements have not been met with unanimous enthusiasm among Italy's pig producers due to the additional workload they entail.

2022年1月初，在该国北部的野猪群中发现了该国首例非洲猪瘟病例。随后，该病毒已在意大利其他地区出现，即伦巴第、皮埃蒙特、利古里亚、罗马郊区、坎帕尼亚和卡拉布里亚。

The initial occurrence of ASF in the country was identified in wild boar populations in early January 2022 in the northern part of the country. Subsequently, the virus has made its presence known in other regions across Italy, namely, Lombardy, Piemonte, Liguria, the outskirts of Rome, Campania, and Calabria.

未完待续……

To be continued…

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