animal farm（动物庄园）英文原版笔记-第六章（6-1）（动物庄园中文版）

第一句

But they were happy in their work; they grudged no effort or sacrifice, well aware that everything that they did was for the benefit of themselves and those of their kind who would come after them, and not for a pack of idle thieving human beings.

但是他们乐于工作，也甘于奉献与牺牲，因为他们明白，他们所做的每一件事情都是为了自己和后辈的利益，而不是为了那帮懒散成性、以偷窃为生的人类。

This work was strictly voluntary, but any animal who absented himself from it would have his rations reduced by half.

这项工作是完全自愿的，但任何动物如果缺勤，就会减掉一半的口粮。

strictly adv. 严格地；完全地；确实地

It was possible to foresee that the coming winter would be a hard one.

可以预见，即将到来的冬季会是一段艰苦的日子。

foresee ★★☆☆☆

1.VERB 动词预见;预知;预料

The windmill presented unexpected difficulties. There was a good quarry of limestone on the farm, and plenty of sand and cement had been found in one of the outhouses, so that all the materials for building were at hand.

庄园里有很好的石灰石矿，同时又在一间屋子里发现了大量的沙子和水泥，因此所有的建筑材料均已齐备。

There seemed no way of doing this except with picks and crowbars, which no animal could use, because no animal could stand on his hind legs.

似乎除了动用鹤嘴镐和撬棍外，没有别的办法。可是动物们又都不会使用这两种工具，因为他们无法仅靠后腿站立。

第二句

Only after weeks of vain effort did the right idea occur to somebody-namely, to utilise the force of gravity. Huge boulders, far too big to be used as they were, were lying all over the bed of the quarry.

几个星期徒劳无功的努力之后，才有动物想出一个好主意，就是利用重力。在石矿的矿床中，到处都是那种因太大而无法直接使用的大石头。

The animals lashed ropes round these, and then all together, cows, horses, sheep, any animal that could lay hold of the rope -- even the pigs sometimes joined in at critical moments-they dragged them with desperate slowness up the slope to the top of the quarry, where they were toppled over the edge, to shatter to pieces below.

动物们用绳子把石头绑住，然后由牛、马、羊及所有能抓住绳子的动物——在一些关键时刻，甚至猪也会搭把手——一起拖着石头，极其缓慢地运送到采石场的坡顶。从那里，他们把石头推到崖下，石头就摔成了碎块。

topple 倒塌，坠落

→来自 top,顶端，头部，-le,表反复。特殊用法或比喻用法，引申词义从顶部摔下，倒塌等

第三句

Transporting the stone when it was once broken was comparatively simple. The horses carried it off in cartloads, the sheep dragged single blocks, even Muriel and Benjamin yoked themselves into an old governess-cart and did their share.

运送这些碎石相对来说就简单一些了。马一整车的拉，羊一块一块地拖，甚至连穆里尔和本杰明也套上一辆旧车，尽自己的一份力量。

cartload n. 一货车的装载量

By late summer a sufficient store of stone had accumulated, and then the building began, under the superintendence of the pigs.

到暮夏时分，石头储备已经充足，然后，在猪的监督下，风车建设开工了。

accumulate v 积累

cmul=heap (堆积)

accumulate v 积累

cumulus n 积云

superintendence n. 指挥;主管;监督

第四句

To see him toiling up the slope inch by inch, his breath coming fast, the tips of his hoofs clawing at the ground and his great sides matted with sweat, filled everyone with admiration.

他一吋一吋吃力地爬坡，呼吸变得急促，蹄尖紧扣着地面，汗水浸湿了他宽厚的脊背。看到这些，动物们无不满怀敬佩。

matted adj. 铺席子的；纠缠的；暗淡的，无光泽的

And again, since no animal now stole it was unnecessary to fence off pasture from arable land, which saved a lot of labour on the upkeep of hedges and gates.

而且，既然现在没有动物偷盗，就不需要用篱笆把牧场和农田分开，这样就节省了大量维护篱笆和栅栏门的工作。

arable

1.ADJ 形容词（农业）耕种的;（土地）适于耕种的，可开垦的

arable a 可耕种的

ar=plow (犁地)

arable a 可耕种的

第五句

There was need of paraffin oil, nails, string, dog biscuits and iron for the horses’ shoes, none of which could be produced on the farm.

他们需要煤油，钉子，绳线，狗饼干和马蹄铁，但庄园里无法生产这些东西。

paraffin n. 煤油石蜡

Later there would also be need for seeds and artificial manures, besides’ various tools and, finally, the machinery for the windmill.

后来，又需要种子和化肥，以及各种工具，最后，还有风车用的机器。

artificial adj. 人造的, 人工的, 假的

虚假的, 不真挚的, 矫揉造作的

人为的

art=skill, joint, trick, 表示”技巧,关节,诡计”

article物品,文章(art icle东西=用技巧做出的东西=物品)

artful巧妙的,狡猾的(art ful=充满诡计的)

artistry艺术技巧(artist ry表名词)

artificial人工的,矫揉造作的(artifice技巧 ial=用技巧做出的=人工的)

artisan工匠,技工(artu san人=技巧之人=工匠)

artifact工艺品(arti fact做出的东西,事实=人造物=工艺品)

manure vt. 施肥于；耕种 n. 肥料；粪肥

第六句

From now onwards Animal Farm would engage in trade with the neighbouring farms: not, of course, for any commercial purpose but simply in order to obtain certain materials which were urgently necesnecessary.The needs of the windmill must override everything else, he said.

从现在起，动物庄园将于邻近的庄园展开贸易，当然这不是为了任何商业目的，只是为了获取某些亟需的物资罢了。他指出，风车所需要的东西凌驾于其他任何事物之上。

commercial a 商业的 n. 商业广告(com merc ial=共同交易的=商业的)

merc,merch=trade, 表示”交易”

commerce n 商业(com共同 merce=共同交易=商业)

commercial a 商业的 n. 商业广告(com merc ial=共同交易的=商业的)

mercenary a 惟利是图的 n. 雇佣兵(mercen[=merc] ary=像贸易一样=惟利是图的)

merchant n 商人(merch ant表示人)

marchandise n 商品(merchand[=merchant商人] ise=商人的东西=商品)

override vt. 不顾, 不理,优先于, 压倒

Once again the animals were conscious of a vague uneasiness.

动物们又一次感受到一种隐隐的不安。

conscious a 有意识的,自觉的(con sci ous=知道的=有意识的)

sci=know, 表示”知道”

science n 科学,学问(sci ence)

scientific a 科学的(sci ent ific)

conscience n 良心,道德心(con全部 sci ence=全部知道=有良知=良心)

conscious a 有意识的,自觉的(con sci ous=知道的=有意识的)

conscientious a 有责任心的(con全部 sci entious多…的=知道关心多=有责任心的)

omniscient a 无所不知的(omni 所有 sci ent)

prescient a 有先见之明的(pre预先 sci ent=预先知道)

prescience n 先见之明(pre sci ence)

subconscious a 潜意识的(sub下面 conscious有意识的=在意识之下=潜意识的)

nescient a 无知的(ne不 scient知道)

pseudoscience n 伪科学(pseudo假 science科学)

第七句

The four young pigs who had protested when Napoleon abolished the Meetings raised their voices timidly, but they were promptly silenced by a tremendous growling from the dogs.

曾在拿破仑废除动物大会时提出反对的那四只小猪胆怯的开口了，但他们很快在狗可怕的怒吼中噤声。

Then, as usual, the sheep broke into ‘Four legs good, two legs bad!’ and the momentary awkwardness was smoothed over.

紧接着，像往常一样，绵羊又开始咩咩地叫着“四条腿好，两条腿坏！”，短暂的尴尬局面就这样顺利地应付过去了。

momentary adj. 短暂的;瞬间的

随时会发生的;时时刻刻的

be no need for any of the animals to come in contact with human beings, which would clearly be most undesirable.

任何动物都无需从事与人类打交道这样的工作，这显然也是大家最讨厌的工作。

undesirable adj. 可能招致麻烦或不便的;不想要的

不受大家欢迎的;讨厌的

n. 不受欢迎的人;不良分子

A Mr Whymper, a solicitor living in Willingdon, had agreed to act as intermediary between Animal Farm and the outside world, and would visit the farm every Monday morning to receive his instructions.

一位温伯尔先生，他是威灵顿的一个揽生意的人，已经答应来担任动物庄园与外界事务的中介人，并将在每周一早晨来动物庄园接受任务。

solicitor 事务律师，法务官

→solicit,请求，恳求，求助，-or,人。即被求助的人，用于指法务官，事务律师

intermediary ★☆☆☆☆

1.N-COUNT 可数名词调解人;中间人

第八句

It was pure imagination, probably traceable in the beginning to lies circulated by Snowball.

这纯粹是臆想，追本溯源，很可能是斯诺鲍散布的谣言。

traceable

1.ADJ 形容词可归因于…的;由…造成的;与…有关的

He was a sly-looking little man with side whiskers, a solicitor in a very small way of business, but sharp enough to have realised earlier than anyone else that Animal Farm would need a broker and that the commissions would be worth having.

他是个一脸奸诈的小个子，留着八字胡。他经营的业务不大，却是个精明的生意人，使他能比别人预先想到动物庄园会需要一个经纪人，并且佣金不会少。

broker

n. (股票、外币等)经纪人;中间人,代理商

(订合同的)中人

vi. 做掮客(或中人等)

作为权力经纪人进行谈判

vt. 以中间人等身份安排..

commission

n. 授权, 委托,委员会

佣金, 回扣

vt. 委任, 委托

第九句

Nevertheless, the sight of Napoleon, on all fours, delivering orders to Whymper, who stood on two legs, roused their pride and partly reconciled them to the new arrangement.

不过，看到四条腿站立的拿破仑在向两条腿站立的温伯尔发号施令，他们的自豪感油然而生，这在一定程度上让他们对这种新的安排感到安心。

reconcile vt. 使和好; 和解使一致, 使和谐

reconcile v 和解(re再 con cil e=[双方]再次召集到一起=和解)

cil=call,表示”召集”

conceiliate v 安抚,劝诱(con共同 cil iate=把人召集到一起来=安抚[别人])

conciliatory a 安抚的(conciliate ory)

reconcile v 和解(re再 con cil e=[双方]再次召集到一起=和解)

irreconcilable a 不可调和的(ir不 reconcile able能…..的)

One symptom of this was that they had begun to call Animal Farm by its proper name and ceased to pretend that it was called the Manor Farm.

表明这种态度的其中一个现象就是，他们开始使用动物庄园这个名称，不再有意把它称作曼娜庄园了。

symptom n. 征兆；症状

but never, it was noticed, with both simultaneously.

但是，据传，不会和两家同时签订协议。

simultaneous ★★☆☆☆

1.ADJ 形容词同时发生的;同时出现的;同步的

simultaneous a 同时发生的(simult 相同 aneous=[时间]相同的)

It was also more suited to the dignity of the Leader (for of late he had taken to speaking of Napoleon under the title of ‘Leader’) to live in a house than in a mere sty.

而且，对于领袖（最近他谈到拿破仑已经开始使用“领袖”这一称呼了）的尊严而言，住在房子里要比只是住在一个猪圈里更为合适。

sty

1.N-COUNT 可数名词同 pigsty A sty is the same as a pigsty .

vt. 关入猪栏

n. 猪圈；妓院

vi. 住在猪圈里

Nevertheless some of the animals were disturbed when they heard that the pigs not only took their meals in the kitchen and used the drawing-room as a recreation room, but also slept in the beds.

尽管这样，当一些动物听说猪不仅在厨房里吃饭，把会客室当做娱乐室，而且还睡在床上时，还是为此感到不安。

And Squealer, who happened to be passing at this moment, attended by two or three dogs, was able to put the whole matter in its proper perspective.

这时，斯奎拉在两三条狗的陪伴下凑巧经过这里，正好能给整个事情一个合理的解释。

A pile of straw in a stall is a bed, properly regarded.

从适当的角度看，畜栏里的一堆稻草就是一张床。

You would not rob us of our repose, would you, comrades?

你们不会不让我们休息吧，同志们？

repose

n. 休息；睡眠；静止

vt. 使休息；寄托于

vi. 休息；长眠；依靠；座落；静卧；建立于

第十句

They had had a hard year, and after the sale of part of the hay and corn the stores of food for the winter were none too plentiful, but the windmill compensated for everything.

这一年他们已经过得很艰难了，再加上卖掉了一些牧草和小麦，过冬的粮食储备也不够充足，但风车补偿了这一切。

After the harvest there was a stretch of clear dry weather, and the animals toiled harder than ever, thinking it well worth while to plod to and fro all day with blocks of stone if by doing so they could raise the walls another foot.

秋收之后，有好一阵子都是干燥晴朗的好天气，动物们干起活来比以前更卖力。他们心里想的是，只要能让墙再增高一呎，那么终日来回搬运石头就是值得的。

In their spare moments the animals would walk round and round the half-finished mill, admiring the strength and perpendicularity of its walls and marvelling that they should ever have been able to build anything so imposing.

在空闲时间，动物们会绕着那已经完成一半的工程走来走去，赞叹那笔直结实的围墙，同时为他们居然能造出如此伟岸的工程而感到欣喜。

perpendicular a 垂直的(per全部 pend ic ular=全部挂着的=垂直的)

pend, pens= hang, 表示”悬挂”

pendant n 下垂物a. 吊着的(pend ant)

pending a 悬而未决的(pend ing)

pendulum n 钟摆(pend ulum东西=摆着的东西=钟摆)

append v 悬挂,附上(ap加强动作 pend=挂上去=悬挂)

appendage n 附属物(append附上 age表示名词=附上的东西)

appendix n 附录,补遗(append ix表名词)

depend v 依靠(de加强 pend=挂在…上面=依靠)

dependent a 依赖的(de pend ent)

dependable a 可靠的(de pend able)

independent a 独立的(in不 dependent依靠的)

perpendicular a 垂直的(per全部 pend ic ular=全部挂着的=垂直的)

suspend v 悬吊,停止(sus在…下面 pend=挂在下面=悬吊,引申为中止)

suspense n 悬念,悬而未决(sus pense=挂着[一颗心]=悬念)

suspension n 中止,停学(suspend的名词)

impending a 即将发生的(im进入 pend ing=挂进来=即将发生的)

imposing ★★☆☆☆

1.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词使人难忘的;仪表堂堂的;壮观的

Finally there came a night when the gale was so violent that the farm buildings rocked on their foundations and several dies were blown off the roof of the barn.

后来，在一个晚上，狂风大作，吹得连庄园里房子的地基都在震，还吹落了大谷仓顶上的一些瓦片。

gale n. 大风，（突发的)一阵

The hens woke up squawking with terror because they had all dreamed simultaneously of hearing a gun go off in the distance.

鸡从睡梦中醒来，惶恐地叫着，因为她们同时都梦到了远处的一声枪响。

squawk n. (尤指鸟受惊时)粗厉的叫声

vi. 发出粗厉的叫声, 咯咯地叫

Unable at first to speak, they stood gazing mournfully at the litter of fallen stone.

起初，大家都说不出话来，只是站在那里悲伤地盯着那些塌下来的散乱的碎石。

Napoleon paced to and fro in silence, occasionally snuffing at the ground. His tail had grown rigid and twitched sharply from side to side, a sign in him of intense mental activity.

拿破仑一言不发的走来走去，偶尔在地面上嗅一嗅。他的尾巴变得僵硬，剧烈地摇摆着，这是他大脑快速活动的一种表现。

he suddenly roared in a voice of thunder, ‘Snowball has done this thing! In sheer malignity, thinking to set back our plans and avenge himself for his ignominious expulsion, this traitor has crept here under cover of night and destroyed our work of nearly a year.

他突然雷鸣般地嘶吼道，“这是斯诺鲍*！多么险恶的用心，想通过破坏我们的计划来为他可耻的被逐报仇，这叛徒趁天黑偷偷爬到这儿，摧毁我们近一年的劳动成果。

sheer

adj. 完全的; 十足的

陡峭的; 垂直的

极薄的, 轻的, 透明的

adv. 垂直地, 陡峭地

vi. 避开, 突然转向

sheer ★★☆☆☆

1.ADJ 形容词(用于强调)纯粹的，完全的，十足的

malignity n. 极度的恶意，恶毒

(病的)恶性

malign 恶性的，恶意的，有害的，诽谤，中伤