拥有神之手的好莱坞特效化妆大师 Rick Baker

拥有神之手的好莱坞特效化妆大师 Rick Baker

首页模拟经营化妆大师正版更新时间:2024-04-29

好莱坞特效化妆大师 Rick Baker被很多电影人、还有影迷们称之为神之手,他靠自己的一双手将特效化妆上升为一种艺术的层次。从1971年接触电影以来,他凭借超越常人的技艺和对于特效化妆的天赋,创造出无数的荧屏经典,而40多年的职业生涯也让不止一代人领略过他的作品。

里克·贝克 (Richard A. "Rick" Baker),1950年12月8日生于美国纽约州宾汉姆顿。儿时在看完电影《科学怪人》(Dr. Frankenstein)后,被片中博士的实验室所吸引,单纯的认为做一个医生就能得到各式各样的实验器具和仪器。成为医生的志愿让他的父母非常高兴,尤其是身为艺术家的父亲Ralph B. Baker,不过随着长大后了解到医生的真实含义后,开始逐渐失去兴趣。而另一个原因,在有一次的采访中贝克也承认,小时的他有些内向和胆小,其实他喜欢的是实验室和医疗台带来的那种压抑和恐怖的感觉,而非医生这个职业。

在发现了儿子真实想法后,作为艺术家的父亲并没有阻止贝克,反而加以鼓励和支持,不过他的母亲并没有这么的开通,在小贝克的朋友妈妈们找来抱怨小贝克时常将那些画出来的血腥伤口给自己的孩子们看时,她们都觉得有点过于恐怖了,为了这件事,贝克的妈妈不得不让他禁足了一段时间。而这段时间里,贝克对于制作这些伤口也开始厌倦,转而开始喜欢起制作各种怪兽,从旧金山艺术大学完成学业后,开始了影视化妆师的职业。

说到对于贝克影响最大的偶像,他也说到迪克·史密斯(Dick Smith)是他一生的导师,贝克小时候就疯狂迷恋这位好莱坞教父级化妆师的作品,在成为化妆师后他也终于得偿所愿成为 史密斯的徒弟,1973年他以史密斯助手的身份参与了电影《驱魔人》的工作。

贝克在70年代初加入到了Cloaky Productions,从一名基层电影人开始做起,这段经历也让他结交了Doug Beswick、David Allen、Dennis Muren、Phil Tippett等日后大红大紫的电影制作人们。1971年的电影Octaman 是他参与的首部电影,之后陆续在76版金刚、77年星球大战 EP IV中都出现了贝克的作品。

真正让他名扬好莱坞的电影出现在1981年,他为美国狼人在伦敦制作的特效化妆方式为他带来了自己人生中第一座小金人-1982年(也是该奖项第一次出现)的奥斯卡最佳化妆与发型设计奖,随后在50年的职业生涯中,他凭借《美国狼人在伦敦》1982、《大脚怪》1988、《艾德·伍德》1995、《肥佬教授》1997、《黑衣人》1998、《圣诞怪杰》2001、《狼人》2011 获得七座小金人,并且还有11次提名,这个成就也让他成为当今好莱坞特效化妆的第一人。

参与作品:

Octaman (1971) (Octaman costume; with Doug Beswick)[2]

The Thing with Two Heads (1972) (special effects)

Schlock (1973) (makeup artist)

The Exorcist (1973) (special effects assistant)

It's Alive (1974) (makeup artist)

The Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman (1974) (makeup artist)

King Kong (1976) (makeup effects, actor)

Track of the Moon Beast (1976) (makeup artist)

Squirm (1976) (makeup designer)

The Incredible Melting Man (1977) (special makeup effects)

Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope (1977) (makeup artist: second unit), a Bith in the band "Figrin D'an and the Modal Nodes, cantina patron "Hem Dazon"

The Fury (1978) (special makeup effects)

An American Werewolf in London (1981) (special makeup effects)

The Howling (1981) (special makeup effects consultant)

The Funhouse (1981) (special makeup design)

The Incredible Shrinking Woman (1981) (makeup effects)

Videodrome (1983) (special makeup effects designer)

Thriller (1983) (special makeup effects creator, special makeup effects design)

Greystoke: The Legend of Tarzan, Lord of the Apes (1984) (special makeup effects)

Into the Night (1985) (actor)

My Science Project (1985) (special makeup effects artist)

Captain EO (1986) (special makeup effects)

Ratboy (1986) (designer: Ratboy)

Harry and the Hendersons (1987) (makeup artist, creature designer: Harry)

Beauty and the Beast (1987–89) (creature designer: Beast)

Werewolf (1987–88) (special makeup effects artist)

Coming to America (1988) (special makeup effects)

Gorillas in the Mist (1988) (special makeup effects, associate producer)

Missing Link (1988) (special makeup effects)

Gremlins 2: The New Batch (1990) (special effects supervisor, co-producer)

The Rocketeer (1991) (makeup creator: Lothar)

Wolf (1994) (special makeup effects)

Ed Wood (1994) (makeup creator: Bela Lugosi, makeup designer: Bela Lugosi)

Batman Forever (1995) (special makeup designer/creator)

The Nutty Professor (1996) (special makeup effects)

The Frighteners (1996) (special makeup artist: The Judge)

Escape from L.A. (1996) (special makeup effects)

Ghosts (1997) (special makeup effects artist)

Men in Black (1997) (alien makeup effects, special makeup effects artist)

Critical Care (1997) (special makeup effects: Mr. Brooks)

Mighty Joe Young (1998) (special makeup effects)

Life (1999) (special makeup effects)

Wild Wild West (1999) (special effects makeup)

How the Grinch Stole Christmas (2000) (special makeup effects)

Nutty Professor II: The Klumps (2000) (special makeup effects)

Planet of the Apes (2001) (makeup artist, special makeup effects designer/creator)

Men in Black II (2002) (alien makeup effects, special makeup effects artist)

The Ring (2002) (special makeup effects artist)

The Haunted Mansion (2003) (special makeup effects artist)

Hellboy (2004) (special effects director, special makeup effects artist)

The Ring Two (2005) (special makeup effects artist)

King Kong (2005) (actor)

Cursed (2005) (special makeup effects artist, special makeup effects designer/creator)

X-Men: The Last Stand (2006) (special makeup effects consultant, visual effects consultant)

Click (2006) (special age makeup artist, special makeup effects artist)

Enchanted (2007) (special makeup effects artist)

Norbit (2007) (special makeup effects artist)

Tropic Thunder (2008) (makeup designer: Mr. Downey, Jr.)

The Wolfman (2010) (special makeup effects)

Tron: Legacy (2010) (special makeup effects artist)

Men in Black 3 (2012) (alien makeup effects, special makeup effects artist)

Maleficent (2014) (special makeup effects artist)

个人荣誉:

Jack Pierce – Chiller-Eyegore奖-终身成就奖

好莱坞星光大道第2485颗星(2012年)

奥斯卡最佳化妆与发型设计奖:

An American Werewolf in London, 1982 (该奖项颁发的第一年)

Harry and the Hendersons, 1988

Ed Wood, 1995

The Nutty Professor, 1997

BALCK MAN, 1998

How the Grinch Stole Christmas, 2001

The Wolfman, 2011

在当下大量使用CG数码技术的电影圈,贝克依旧使用特效化妆和机械道具配合定格动画的方式,对于这一点贝克也谈到,这种手工技术是自己的风格,并不会因为当下CG数码技术的发展而更改,通过乳胶、机械道具的方式呈现出来的效果,可以给观众更加真实的感觉。

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