Unit1 Women Of Achievement
（1） 核心词汇
1. behave vt&vi举动;（举止或行为）表现
1）behave well /badly towards sb 对待某人好/差
They behaved badly towards guests,which made us very disappointed .
他们对客人态度很差，这使我们很失望。
2）behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体
Behave yourself ! 规矩点！
3）well-behaved adj表现好的
badly-behaved adj表现差的
well-behaved/badly-behaved little boys行为规矩的/不规矩的小男孩们
4）behavior n 举止;行为
mind one's behavior注意某人的举止
We each should mind our behavior in public places.
在公共场合我们每一个人都应该注自己的 行为举止。
2. worthwhile adj 值得的；值得做的
1） It is worthwhile doing /to do sth做某事是值得的
It is worthwhile to visit /visiting the Great Wall .
= Visiting the Great Wall is worthwhile。参观长城是值得的。
2)be well worth doing
The Great Wall is well worth visiting .长城值得参观。
3)be worthy of n/being dong
be worthy to be done
The Great Wall is worthy of a visit .
=The Great Wall is worthy of being visited .
=The Great Wall is worthy to be visited.长城值得参观。
3 .observe vt 观察；观测；遵守
1） observes sb do sth 观察到某人做某事（全过程）
Sb :be observed to do sth （被动语态要加to）
The thief was observed to open the window and run away .有人见那个贼打开窗口跑了。
2）observe sb doing sth 观察到某人正在做某事
The police observed the man entering the bank.警察监视着那个男子进入银行。
3）observe遵守
We all should observe the traffic rules .我们都应该遵守交通规则。
4）observe 庆祝
It is a tradition for the Chinese people to observe the Spring Festival.中国人庆祝春节是一个传统习俗。
4 . respect vt&n 尊敬；尊重；敬意
1）respect sb for sth因某事敬重某人
respect oneself自尊；自重
I respect you for your honesty .由于你为人正直，我对你十分敬重。
2）show/have respect for sb 尊重某人
Children should show respect for their teachers .学生要尊敬他们的老师。
3）in all /many respects在各个方面
in respect of =with respect to 关于；就..而言
China is developing rapidly in all respects,which we're pound of .中国在各个方面发展都很迅速，为此我们感到骄傲。
5 .argue vt&vi 讨论；辩论；争论
1) argue with sb about sth与某人争辩某事
He is arguing with his classmates about the solution to the problem.
他正在与同学们争论这个问题的解决方法。
2）argue for /against sth 据理力争/反对某事
Many people argued for /against changing the rules.许多人据理力争/反对改变这些规则。
3）argue sb into /out of doing sth
=persuade sb into /out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事
We argued him into /out of going there .我们说服他去/不去那儿。
4）argue that ...主张..；认为...
She has argued that wild animais should be left in the wild ..
她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活..
5 ）have an argument with sb about sth与某人争辩某事
1)We had an argument with the waiter about the bill .我们和服务员就账单发生了争论。
6 .inspire vt 鼓舞；激发；启示
1）inspire sb to do sth 激励某人做某事
The beautiful scenery inspired him to finish his writing .
美丽的风景激励着他完成他的创作。
2）inspire sb with sth= inspire sth in sb用某物鼓舞某人
Eg What he said at the meeting inspired confidence in me .
=What he said at the meeting inspired me with confidence .他在会上说的话激起了我的信心。
3） inspiring adj 鼓舞人心的
The film was really inspiring.这部电影鼓舞人心。
I t was really an inspiring film .它是一部鼓舞人心的电影。
4）inspired adj 受到鼓舞的
The children were inspired after seeing the film.看了这部电影孩子们受到了鼓舞。
7. intend vt 计划；打算
1） intend to do sth 打算做某事
I don't intend to stay long .我不打算长期逗留。
2）intend sb to do sth 打算让某人做某事
He intended his son to manage the company .他打算让儿子管理公司。
3）be intended for sb/sth 为...打算/设计的
The book is intended for children .这本书是为儿童写的。
4）intention n
with the intention of 报有...的目的/打算
The program is set up with the intention of providing help homeless people .
成立这个项目是为了给无家可归的人提供帮助。
8 .considerate adj考虑周到的
1） be considerate towards sb
Tom is considerate towards his wife .汤姆对他妻子很体贴。
2）It is considerate of sb to do sth
It was considerate of him to wait so long .他一直等了那么长时间，真是体贴。
3)consideration n 考虑;体谅
take...into consideration 考虑...
You should take everything into consideration before making a decision .
在做决定之前，你应该全面考虑。
4）consider vt 考虑；认为
consider 疑问词 to do
consider doing sth 考虑做某事
consider sb to be ..认为某人...
He is considering going to Beijing .他正考虑着去北京。
We all consider him to be one of the best students in our class .
我们都认为他是我们班最好的学生。
9 .deliver vt
1）递送
As we all know , letters are delivered every day.我们大家都知道，信件每天都要投递。
2） 生（小孩），be delivered of （只用于被动）
She was delivered of a healthy baby last night .昨晚她生下一个健康的男孩。
3） 接生 deliver a baby
Her baby was delivered by her own doctor .她的婴儿是由她自己的医生给接生的。
4） 发表（演说等）
deliver a speech =make/give a speech
Professor Wang will deliver a speech on maths next week .下周王教授要做个数学讲座。
10 .crowd n 人群;观众
1） a crowd of /crowds of 许多
There are a crowd of people playing in the park .有许多人在公园玩。
2）vt 拥挤；挤满
Tourists crowded the park.
3）be crowded with挤满了...
The park was crowded with tourists.
4）crowd in on sb (想法等)大量涌现
Memories crowded in on me .往事一齐涌上我心头。
（二）拓展词汇
1.achievement n 成就；成绩
achieve v 完成；达到
2 .specialist n 专家；专业工作者
special adj 特殊的；专门的
3 .connection n连接；关系
connect vt 连接
4 .organization n 组织；机构；团体
organize vt 组织
organized adj 有组织的
5 .behave vt&vi 举动；（举止或行为）表现
behavior n 行为；举止；习性
6 .observe vt 观察；观测；遵守
observation n 观察；观测；
observer n观察者
7 .argue vt&vi讨论；辩论；争论
&argument n 争论；争辩；争吵
8 .entertainment n 款待；娱乐；娱乐表演
entertain vt款待；使欢乐
entertaining adj 愉快的；有趣的
9 .inspire vt 鼓舞；激发；启示
inspired adj 品质优秀的；能力卓越的
inspiring adj鼓舞人心的
inspiration n灵感；鼓舞人心的人或事
10. support n &vt 支持；拥护
supporter n 支持者
11.refer vi refer vi referred, referred；referring
谈到；查阅；参考
reference n 提及；涉及；参考；查阅
12 .sickness n 疾病；恶心
sick adj 生病的
13 . intend vt 计划；打算
intention n 打算;目的；意图
14 .kindness n 仁慈；好意
kind adj 亲切的；和蔼的
15 .considerate adj 考虑周到的
consideration n 考虑;体谅
consider vt 考虑；认为
considering prep 考虑到 ;就...而言
（三）高频短语：
1. make an achievement 取得成就
2. specialize in sth 专攻某事
3. in the shade 在阴凉处
4 . move off 离开；出发
5 .It is worthwhile doing sth /to do sth 做某事是值得的
6.be outspoken in one's remarks直言不讳
7 . lead / live a ...life 过着...的生活
8 .crowd in（想法、问题等）涌上心头
9 . look down upon /on 蔑视；瞧不起
Look up to sb 尊敬某人
10 . refer to 查阅；参考；谈到
refer to a dictionary 查字典
Look up a word in the dictionary查单词
11. by chance 碰巧；凑巧
on purpose 故意
12. come across 偶然遇见；碰见
13. carry on
carry on with your work
carry on working 继续工作
14 .be modest about sth 对...表示谦虚
15. devote oneself to doing sth ..献身于...;致力于...
16 .work out 解决；锻炼身体
Unit 1 A Study Of African Wildlife
（一）必背漂亮句
1. Following Jane's way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest.我们一行人准备按照简研究黑猩猩的方法去森林里拜访它们。
1） Following Jane's way of studying chimps是ving 短语做状语，表示伴随。
eg I offered them something to eat thinking they might be hungry.
我给了他们一些吃的东西，心想他们可能饿了。
2）集体名词group , class ,family ,army等作主语时， 如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式；如强调个体，谓语动词用复数形式。
eg Our group are all going to visit them in the forest.（指组内成员）
我们一行人准备去森林里拜访它们。
Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon.（强调整体）简预先提醒我们，到下午的时候我们就会又脏又累。
2 .Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day .
观察黑猩猩一家是如何醒来的是我们当天的首要任务。Watching a family of chimps wake up是ving 短语做主语，谓语动词用单数。
eg Leaning a foreign language is very useful to me .学一门外语对我来说非常有用。
3 .This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before .这意味着我们要返回前一天晚上我们离开黑猩猩一家睡觉的大树旁。
1）where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before是定语从句,修饰先行词the place.
2） meaning doing sth 意味着
mean to do sth 打算；想要去做某事
eg To help them means helping yourself .帮助他们就是帮助你自己。
She means to make everything clear to you .她想把一切向你说清楚.
3）leave 宾语 doing让某人做某事
Don't leave her waiting outside in the rain .不要让她在外面雨中等待.
4 . Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project .她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙，着才使她得以开始自己的计划。
1） 这是一个倒装句。正常语气的陈述句应当是：
She was allowed to begin her project after her mother came to help her for the first few months .
after her mother came to help her for the first few months 在句中做时间状语从句。
2）Only 修饰状语（状语从句/副词/介词短语），位 于句首时，句子要用部分倒装结构（助动词/情态动词/系动词be 主语 句子其它）。
Only then did he realize his mistakes.
= He realized his mistakes only then.只是那时他才意识到自己的错误。
Only in this way can you learn English well .
= You can learn English well only in this way.只有以这种方法你才能学好英语。
如果句子是主从复合句,则主句倒装,从句不倒装.
Only when he apologizes for his rudeness will I speak to him .
= I will speak to him only when he apologizes for his rudeness.只有当她为他的鲁莽道歉时我才会跟他讲话。
注意：Only 修饰主语时，句子不倒装。
Only he knew the secret .只有他知道这个秘密。
5 .We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree .
我们看到黑猩猩妈妈跟她的幼子们在树上玩耍。
play in the tree是省to 的不定式作宾补，但是在被动语态中要加to ;
eg Then we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night .
后来看见他们一起回窝里睡觉了。
Someone was heard to come up the stairs .听见有人上楼了。
6 .She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it .
她曾经亲眼看到过一群黑猩猩捕*一只猴子，然后把他们吃掉。
1）observe sb doing sth 观察到某人正在做某事
The police observed the man entering the bank.警察监视着那个男子进入银行。
2）observes sb do sth 观察到某人做某事（全过程）
Sb :be observed to do sth （被动语态要加to）
The thief was observed to open the window and run away .有人见那个贼打开窗口跑了。
7 .Once I stop , it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps n laboratories .
一旦我停下来,所有的一切都会涌上心头,我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩.
1）句中once I stop是由连词once 引导时间状语从句,意为"一旦...就"
Once you have seen that, you can never forget ..一旦你看到这些，你就永远不会忘记。
2）crowding in 是ving 短语做伴随状语，修饰动词comes.
She sat at the desk reading a newspaper.她坐在桌旁读报纸。
8 . For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals.40 年来，简古道尔一直在呼吁世人了解并尊重这些动物的生活
the rest of 其余的；剩下的；
the rest of 不可数名词/可数名词单数 单数谓动词；
the rest of 可数名词复数 复数谓语动词。
eg The rest of the money was given to his son.剩下的钱都给了他的儿子。
The rest of the apple was thrown away .那个苹果余下的部分被扔掉了。
The rest of the apples were sent to the nursing home .剩下的那些苹果被送到养老院。
9 .She inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women .她激励着人们为妇女们的成就而欢呼喝彩。
（二）必背短语：
Para1
1 .behave like humans 行为像人一样
2 .go back to 回到
3 .the night before 前一天晚上
4 .in the shade of the trees在树阴下
5 .wake up 醒来
6 . move off/set off /set out 出发
7.either ...or .. 或者...或者..
8.a way of showing love 表达爱的方式
9 .by the afternoon到下午的时候
10 .play in the tree 在树上玩
birds in the tree 树上的鸟
apples on the tree树上的苹果
Para2
1 .spend time( in) doing sth 花时间做某事
spend money on sth 花钱在某物上
2 .communicate with each other彼此交流
3 .work sth out 计算出；解决；找出..的答案
work out their social system 勾勒出它们的社会体系
Para3 -4
1 .be outspoken about 关于...坦率直言
2 .the rest of the world 世界上其他的国家
3 .respect the life of these animals尊重这些动物的生活
4 .argue that主张
5.in the wild 在野外
6.set up 成立；建立
7 .Lead /live a busy life 过着忙碌的生活
8 .crowd in on sb （想法、问题等）涌上心头
9 .say to oneself 自言自语
10. gain a doctor's degree获得博士学位
Unit 1 Why Not Carry On Good Work?
（1） 必背漂亮句
1. I did not know the answer until one evening when I sat down at the desk to do some research on great women of China.
直到有一天晚上坐在电脑旁研究中国的伟大女性时，我才有了答案
when I sat down at the desk to do some research on great women of China是由when 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词one evening.
2 . It seemed that she had been very busy in her chosen career ,travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles.似乎她一直都在为自己选择的事业而奔忙，去国外留学，写了很多书和文章。
1） It seemed that... 。that 引导表语从句， travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles是ving 短语，在从句中作伴随状语。
2） It seemed that..."似乎..."
It seemed that she is happy .她似乎很高兴。
3 .It was a small book explaining how to cut the death ate from having and caring for babies .这是一本小书，介绍如何从妇女*到护理婴儿的过程中降低死亡率。
1）explaining....是ving 短语作定语，修饰a small book。 相当定语从句which explained how to cut ...
2） ving形式作定语相当谓语动词为进行时或一般时的定语从句。
eg Women caring (who care)for patients in hospitals are called nurses.医院里照料病人的女性叫护士。
4.Who were the women that Lin Qiaozhi thought needed this advice?
林巧稚认为谁会是需要这些忠告的妇女呢？
1） that Lin Qiaozhi thought needed this advice是由that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the women。
定语从句中：Lin Qiaozhi thought是插入语，that主语，needed是谓语.
2） 当主句的主语是疑问词who 或which 时，不管先行词是人还是物，定语从句的关系代词只能用that ，不能用who和which .（避免混淆）
Who is the boy that won the gold medal?赢得金牌的那个男孩是谁？
Which is the bike that you lost?哪辆是你丢的自行车？
5 .Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time .
我突然想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难。
1）it是形式主语，真正的主语是由how difficult 引导的是主语从句。
2） It hit sb that /how/wh-..."使某人突然想到...."
类似的句式：It occurs/occurred to sb that ...
It strikes /struck sb that ...
It hit me that they had got her wrong.
It struck me that they had got her wrong.
It occurred to me that they had got her wrong我突然想到他们误会她了。
6 .That was a generation when girls' education was always placed second to boys'.那是一个女性受教育总是排在男性之后的年代。
1）when girls' education was always placed second to boys'是由when 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 a generation 。
This is a generation when men and women are equal.
这是一个男女平等的年代
2）Place sb/sth second to sb /sth 使...仅次于...
second to none 不亚于任何人或事物
As a dancer ,he is second to none =Nobody is a better dancer than he is .
他的舞技不亚于任何人。
7 .Further reading made me realize that it was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school .进一步阅读使我了解到，是苦干、决心和善良的天性是他走进医学院的大门。
1）Further reading made me realize that....是主句，that引导是（realize）的宾语从句；其中宾语从句，用强调句表达：it was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school ，强调句子的主语hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature，got是谓语动词。
2）强调句结构：
It is /was 被强调部分 that 句子其它。
8 .What made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients.后来使她成功的是她对所有病人献出的爱心和体贴。
What made her succeed later on是由what 引导的主语从句，谓语动词用单数was.
she showed to all her patients是省略that /which 的定语从句，修饰先行词 the kindness and consideration。
eg What is needed for the space ship is careful preparation .
太空旅行所需要的就是精心的准备。
9.There was story after story of how LinQiaozhi ,tired after a day's work , went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her .
数不胜数的故事讲述着林巧稚如何在劳累一天之后，由在深夜去为贫苦家庭的妇女接生，而这些家庭是不可能给她报酬的。
how LinQiaozhi ,tired after a day's work , went late at night to deliver a baby..是how引导的宾语从句，作介词of 的宾语。who could not pay her是定语从句，修饰先行词 a poor family。
Pay attention to what the doctor said .
（what..,是宾语从句，作介词to 的宾语） 注意医生所说的话。
10 .By now I could not wait to find out more about her .
现在我迫不及待地想都了解一些她的情况。
11 .Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her good work ?
为什么不像林巧稚那样去读医学院，继续她的事业呢？
12.It was still not too late for me to improve my studies,prepare for the university entrance examinations.现在努力提高成绩、准备大学入学考试还不算晚..
写作常用句：
It is not too late fo sb to do sth .现在要某人作某事还不太晚。
eg It is not too late for us to work hard at our lessons.现在我们努力学习还不太晚。
（二）必背短语
Para1
1.not ...until 直到....才
2.sit down at the computer坐在电脑旁
3.do some research on/into sth对...进行研究/调查
Para2
1. by chance/by accident偶然
on purpose /by design故意
2. come across 碰巧；凑巧
3. a specialist in sth 某方面的专家
a specialist in women's disease 妇科专家
4. It seems that ...似乎/好像...
5. her chosen career 她选择的事业
6. catch one's eye：
=attract /draw one's attention 引起某人注意；吸引某人的注意力
7. cut the death rate 降低死亡率
8. care forsb 喜欢，照顾
care for babies 护理婴儿
9. free from=free of 摆脱..,免遭...
10. be intended for 为...准备的
11. in the countryside在乡下
12. have an emergency 有紧急情况
13. reach sb 联系上某人
reach a doctor 与医生取得联系
Para3
1. It hit sb that... 使某人突然想到..
2 .get medical training医学培训
3 .place sb/sth second to sb /sth 使...仅次于...
second to none 不亚于任何人或
4 .further reading 进一步阅读
5 .as well as 也；和
6 .gentle nature 温柔的天性
7 .later on 之后；后来
8 .story after story 一个又一个故事
9 .deliver a baby 接生孩子
deliver a speech 发表演讲
be delivered of a baby /give birth to a baby生孩子
10 .pay sb给某人报酬
Para4
1 .Can /could not /never wait to do sth
=Can /could hardly wait to do sth 迫不及待地要做某事
2 .devote her whole life to her patients
3 .a family of her own 她自己的家庭
4 .make sure that...确保...
5 .Why not do sth？ 为什么不做某事
6 .carry on(doing) sth 继续；坚持
carry on her good work 继续她的事业
7.improve one's studies提高某人的学业
8. prepare for sth 为..做准备
9 .the university entrance examinations大学入学考试
