一、关键词
hesitation 犹豫
hesitantly犹豫地
add补充说道
continue继续说道
retort反驳道
explain解释道
state陈述道
protest抗议道
sob哭诉道
agree同意地说
comfort安慰道
blurt out脱口而出
seemingly 似乎
surprisingly 令人惊讶的是
suddenly 突然
eventually 最后
completely 完全地
fortunately 幸运地
instead 代替，相反
namely 即，也就是
meanwhile 期间，同时
naturally 自然地
obviously 显而易见 =apparently
more or less 或多或少，差不多，几乎
once in a while 偶尔，时不时地
willingly 情愿地
unexpectedly 出乎意料地
unwillingly 不情愿地
unforgettable 难忘的
dash/rush冲
slip 滑到
sneak/creep偷偷走
crawl 爬
wobble/limp/stagger/stumble摇摇晃晃地走
to one’s n. 令某人……的是
admiration (羡慕), amazement (惊奇), amusement (娱乐), annoyance (烦恼), astonishment (惊奇), delight (欣喜), despair(绝望), disappointment(失望), embarrassment(难堪), happiness(幸福), horror (恐怖), joy (高兴), puzzlement (疑惑), regret (遗憾), relief (放心), satisfaction (满意), shame (羞愧), sorrow (悲伤), surprise (惊讶)
二、常用短语（时间/衔接）
rise to one’s feet站起来
struggle to one’s feet 吃力地站起来
jump to one’s feet 跳起来
kneel down跪下
get down on one knee单膝跪地
Much to his surprise, 令他十分惊讶的是
Before they knew it,不知不觉中，
After what seemed ages, 在过了似乎几年的时间后，（夸张）
After seemingly a long time, 在过了似乎很长一段时间后，
All of a sudden,突然
Hearing this听到这个
Almost without thinking,几乎想都没想。
Without hesitation, 毫不犹豫地
Knowing what had happened, 知道发生什么事情后，
One day, 有一天
Early in the morning, 一大早
One Sunday afternoon 一个星期天的下午
the other day = a few days ago 几天前
The next/following day,… 第二天（一般过去时）
Just then, … = Just at that moment 正在那时，…
After that, =Later on, …. Then …然后
After a while, …一会儿以后
about half an hour later, ... 大约半小时以后
In the end/ at last/ finally/ eventually,… 最后
from then on, 从那以后,
Surprisingly, 令人惊讶的是，
It was then that I noticed...就在那时我注意到……
For one frozen moment，有一瞬间，
After several attempts, 经过几次尝试，
On arriving home, 一回到家
三、句子赏析
1. He stiffened(僵硬) for seconds and then shuffled (拖曳、慢慢走) his feet forward, eyes red with fury(愤怒) but without any fear or hesitation.
2. George and I stood there dumbfounded(哑然失声的，发楞的) watching him finishing the whole job, gratitude and admiration rushing in my heart（感激和仰慕涌入我心）.
3. Hearing the bad news, Mary fainted away on the spot and fell into unconsciousness.(当场晕倒，陷入昏迷)
4. His eyes widened further and his mouth opened. He took a huge breath as if winded（喘不过气）. He looked tortured-vulnerable. 他的眼睛瞪大了，嘴巴张开。他深深地吸了一口气仿佛呼吸困难，他看起来饱受折磨，非常脆弱。
5. Approaching me with a great deal of obvious discomfort, Tommy looked up at me with pleading（乞求的）eyes.
6. There was a light touch on my hand; looking down, I saw my son looking at me, curious.我感觉到有人轻轻碰触我的手；低头一看，是我的儿子好奇地在看我。
7. Every knock on the door fills me with expectation(让我充满期待). I immediately picture him walking through(想象某人做某事) the door.
8. He looked out of the window, biting his lips, as if thinking.他一边看着窗外，一边咬着嘴唇，仿佛在思考。
9. At the sight of the ferocious wolf, I was seized by a strong sense of horror and my palms were sweating. (被深深地恐惧感所控制，手心出汗)
10. Upon hearing the bad news, her heart ached, tears streaming down her cheeks. (心痛，眼泪直流)
11. Upon hearing the bad news, she, numb with grief, had trouble speaking. (悲伤到失去知觉，不能开口说话)
12. When the mother kissed the baby on the cheek, his face beamed and his bright smile lit up the room. (眉开眼笑；笑容照亮房间)
13. Sheldon felt so angry that he stormed out of the room, slamming the door furiously behind him. (冲出房间；狠狠摔门)
14. One flight（一段楼梯） up Della ran, and paused for a moment, panting. 气喘吁吁She was wondering whether she should open the door.
15. And suddenly everything went green, like right before a tornado.（一切变得昏暗） My ears were ringing（耳鸣）, I felt dizzy（头晕）, and I threw up（呕吐）.
16. He stiffened（僵住了）. The smile faded from his lips, and his face turned pale. His hands trembled
17. As I prepared to confess（坦白）, I took a deep breath and swallowed hard(抑制强烈的感情).
18. The fear was like an electric shock, pumping shivering waves tearing through his body（恐惧就像是点击一样，电波撕扯着她的身体） and making his hair stand on end.（毛发直竖）
19. All his instincts（本能）screamed \yelled at him to slip away before he was stopped. He felt uneasy. The hairs on the back of his neck prickled with dread and he was drenched（湿透）in sweat.
20. His eyes lifted slowly, met Mariam’s, lingered （徘徊）for a moment, then dropped. He opened his mouth, but all that came forth was a single, pained groan. *。He crossed and uncrossed his arms.(手盘起来又放下)
21. I jumped to my feet, completely thunderstruck 如遭雷击; I blinked（眨眼）my eyes hard. I looked carefully all around me.
22. The girl’s voice began to crack(变得嘶哑). She shook her head sadly. Suddenly she began to shake, and stopped talking.
更多片段：
（一）承接
1. Everything was back to normal. 一切都回归正常。
2. Had not been for your honesty, I would have lost if forever.要不是你的诚实，我将永远失去它。
3. My mother was more than delighted to see my change. 我母亲看到我的改变非常开心。
4. Then there came the sound of turning on the computer.然后传来了开电脑的声音。
5. He had such a horrible but exciting experience to share! 他有如此可怕却又激动人心的经历可以分享！
6. He was moved beyond words.他感动的难以用语言表达。
7. It brought back the great memories of our family eating together. 我们一家人一起吃饭的美好回忆重现脑海。
8. Thus, I will insist on chasing my dream and making every effort. 这样，我就会坚持追逐我的梦想，尽一切的努力。
9. She was too heartbroken to do anything. 她太伤心了以至于不想做任何事情。
10. Never will I regret what I have done. 我永远不会后悔我所做的事。
11. Following the voice, I saw a young man with gray eyes standing here. 顺着声音的方向，我看到了一个灰色眼睛的年轻人站在这里。
12. What touched him most was that I protected his dignity.最让他感动的是我保护了他的尊严。
13. We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性都不为过。
14. By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy. 借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。
15. On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。
16. What an important thing it is to keep our promise!= How important a thing it is to keep our promise!遵守诺言是多么重要的事!
17. All this shows that nothing can prevent us from reaching our aims.这显示了没有事情能够阻挡我们实现目标。
18. So precious is time that we can’t afford to waste it.时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。
19. Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。
20. It was not until recently that the problem was solved. 直到最近这个问题才被解决。
（二）行为动作描写
1. Hearing his words, I couldn’t help bursting into tears. 听到他的话，我忍不住哭起来。
2. All of a sudden, a good idea occurred to …突然，***想到了一个好主意。
3. Then her father smiled, comforting her with a warm hug. 然后他的父亲笑了，给了她一个温暖的拥抱来安慰她。
4. The more you are willing to love, the more you are likely to receive.你越是愿意去爱，就越可能被爱。
5. Shocked, Jason called for help immediately. 杰森感到很震惊，立马求助。
6. Hearing this, my father’s face changed from tense to a smile. 听到这个，我父亲的脸从紧张变成了微笑。
7. Under no circumstance can children lead a happy life without love. 孩子们不可能在没有爱的情况下过着幸福的生活。
8. He said firmly, without hesitation. 他说的很坚定，毫不犹豫。
9. They moved so slowly that each second was like an hour to the boy. 他们移动的很慢，对小男孩来说，每一秒都像是一个小时。
10. The wise man looked into the little boys eyes, placing his hands on the boy’s shoulders, and replied softly. 智者看着小男孩的眼睛，把手放在男孩的肩膀上，轻轻地回答。
11. Upon / On hearing of the unexpected news, he was so surprised that he couldn’t say a word.
一听到这个出乎意料的消息，他惊讶到说不出话来。
（三）动物的外貌和动作：
1. Her feathers were so jetty, and her topping so white and full!
它的羽毛乌黑发亮，头上的羽毛又白又密。
2. He looked with sadness upon the little prisoners flying about the cage, peeping through the wires, beating them with their wings, and trying to get out.
他伤心地看着那些囚犯似的小鸟在笼子里飞来飞去，透过丝网向外观望，它们不停地拍打翅膀，想努力飞出来。
3. They were on the watch for him, and would fly down from the green tree tops to greet him with their chirp.
小鸟或在枝头上观看他，或从枝繁叶茂的树上飞下来，叽叽喳喳地和他打招呼。
4. The squirrels peeped out of their holes at Bessie. The birds sang in the branches overhead. Thump, came something all at once into the middle of the road.
松鼠们从它们的洞里探出头来瞧着贝希，鸟儿在头顶的树枝上唱着歌。砰的一声，一个东西一下子蹦到道路中央。
5. When the faithful dog came and rubbed his head against her hand, Susie put her arms around his neck, and burst into tears.
忠心的狗跑回来，头在苏茜的手上蹭来蹭去。苏茜双臂抱住它的脖子，禁不住大哭起来。
6. The Newfoundland is a large, noble fellow. He is black, with a white spot, and with long, shaggy hair. His name is Sport.
纽芬兰犬既高大又名贵，颜色是黑的，缀着白色斑点；毛发长而蓬松。它的名字叫斯波特。
7. Dodger is up on a chair, under the table, behind the door, down cellar, and out in the yard, —all in a minute.
道吉尔能够在一分钟之内跳到椅子上，躲在桌子下，藏在门后，钻进地窖，最后又跑到院子里。
8. Dodger has very bright eyes, and he does many funny things. He likes to put his paws up on the crib, and watch the baby.
道吉尔双眼明亮，调皮可爱。它喜欢将爪子趴在婴儿床的围栏上，看着小宝宝。
（四）体会（结尾，文章主题）
1. A little bit kindness will be rewarded with a large amount of benefit. 滴水之恩当涌泉相报。
2. Love everybody because that’s the greatest thing you can give and it is the start of your life trip. 去爱每一个人因为那是你可以给予的最美好的东西，这也是你人生旅程的开始。
3. So say goodbye to the past and embrace the present. 所以告别过去拥抱当前。
4. I am firmly convinced that the slight power of every person can make our country more prosperous. 我坚定的相信每个人轻微的力量都能是我们的国家更加的繁荣。
5. True love is the most invaluable thing in the world. 真爱是世界上最无价的东西。
6. My patience and love let him believe that the world was full of kindness. 我的耐心和爱心让他相信这个世界上充满了善意。
7. Beauty is not in the face, beauty is a light in the heart. 美不在表面，美是心灵的光。
8. All the students came to realize that everyone wants and deserves to be treated with respect, dignity and warmth. 所有的学生都意识到，每个人都想要得到尊重、尊严和温暖的对待。
9. We will be successful as long as we insist on working hard.只要我们坚持努力工作，我们会成功的。
（五）人的语言和动作
1. "Fire! fire!" The cry crept out on the still night air, and the fire bells began to ring
“着火啦！着火啦！”惊呼声划破了寂静的夜空，火灾报警声随后鸣叫起来。
2."It is Mr. Barton’s house, mother. Do let me go," he said in eager, excited tones.
是巴顿先生的房子着火了，妈妈。让我去帮忙吧！”他用急切而又激动的语气说道。
3. Looking up to the window, he took off his hat and bowed with a bright, pleasant smile.
他抬头看了一眼窗户，然后摘下帽子，鞠躬打招呼，脸上是明亮、欢快的笑容。
4."I should like to go with you very much," replied Susan, with a sigh; "but I can not finish the task grandmother set me to do."
我很想跟你们一起去，”苏珊叹了一口气，回答道，“可是我还没完成奶奶交给我的任务。
5."How tiresome it must be to stay at home to work on a holiday!" said one of the girls, with a toss of her head. "Susan’s grandmother is too strict."
“放假还待在家里干活儿多没劲啊！”其中一个女孩晃着脑袋说，“苏珊的奶奶太严厉了。”
6.Susan heard this remark, and, as she bent her head over her task, she wiped away a tear, and thought of the pleasant afternoon the girls would spend gathering wild flowers in the woods.
苏珊听到了这句评语，当她转身低头继续干活时，拭去了眼中的一滴泪水，想象着那些女孩们将在树林里采摘野花，度过一个愉快的下午。
7. While this was taking place, Ray, who had got tired of standing, was seated in a fence corner, behind a tree.
就在人们兴致勃勃地探索真相时，一直站在那里的芮感到有些疲惫，便在栅栏旁的一棵大树后面坐了下来。
8. Herbert’s passion was over quickly, and, sitting down upon the floor, he covered his face with his hands, and began to cry.
赫伯特顿时怒火中烧，坐在地板上，双手捂着小脸哭了起来。
（六）其它
1. I felt so scared/nervous that my throat tightened and my knees felt weak.
2. Her stomach was gripped with anxiety,因为焦虑胃抽搐了 like a volcano erupting inside her.
3. At the theater, nervousness overtook\held me as i realized how much i wanted to make my parents proud.紧张焦虑
4. I was too scared to move an inch and my palms were sweating/my palms grew sweaty.
5. Time seemed to stop as I held my breath, waiting for the harsh punishments that I deserved.
6. I tensed, waiting for the barrage （连珠炮似的）of verbal punishment.(责骂)
7. Every nerve 神经in his body warned him not to go any further.
8. I was so scared that my heart was hammering in my chest. 心砰砰直跳
9. Ann looked upon the doll with a sort of terror\fear.
10. A burst of horror held me totally in its power, and I was unable to move an inch.
11. She was struck dead with terror. Her heart was beating painfully fast and banging against her ribs(肋骨).
12. The September 11 terrorist attacks left many of us confusion and fear（让我们处于困扰和恐惧的状态）.
13. I feel like my tummy is churning （搅动）around and around and I am going to be sick. （紧张）
14. I stood with my head down, my eyes directed toward the floor in front of me, making no move to look up.
The thin trees were blowing wildly, and untidy gray clouds were sailing past a pale, sickly moon.(环境描写)
（六）人物动作语言加自然描写：
1. As she looked out, she first saw the western sky and some bright, sunset clouds. "O mother!" she exclaimed, "what a splendid sunset!"
向外望去，她先看见西边的天空，点缀着明亮的落日云。“哦，妈妈！多美丽壮观的落日啊！”她欢呼起来。
2. But Margery sat on the doorstep, and wondered, as the sea sounded louder, and the sunshine grew warmer around her.
玛杰丽坐在台阶上，好奇地思考着。海浪声越来越大，太阳温暖地照耀着她
3.I can smell the sweet flowers in the garden. The sky is all bright with sunset; I can see purple, and pink, and golden. I do not believe that anyone on earth has a paint box with such lovely colors in it.
我能闻到花园里香甜的花朵。天空因为落日非常明亮，我能看见紫色、粉色和金色。我觉得地球上没有人有这样的画笔，能调出这么可爱的颜色。
4. Poor lame Jennie sat at her window, looking out upon the dismal, narrow street, with a look of pain and weariness on her face. "Oh, dear," she said with a sigh, "
可怜的跛腿珍妮坐在窗户旁，看着阴郁、狭窄的街道，脸上写满痛苦和倦意。她叹了口气：“唉，天哪，”
5. How they laugh and sing, and shout to each other as they fill their baskets! The sun looks down through the yellow leaves; the rocks give them mossy seats; the birds and squirrels wonder what these strange people are doing in their woods.
他们又笑又唱，一边互相喊话，一边把栗子往袋子里装，多么快乐啊！太阳透过金黄的叶子俯视着他们；岩石为他们准备好了铺满青苔的座位；小鸟和松鼠好奇地看着他们，嘀咕着这些奇怪的人到底在它们的树林里做什么。
四、翻译练习
（一）细节描述之“思考”
1. 得知问题所在之后，他的大脑开始急速运转，想要想出一个好的解决方案。
_____________________________________________________________________
2. 独自一人时，他总是会想到那可怕的经历。
_____________________________________________________________________
3. 在他洗澡时，突然想到了一个好主意。
_____________________________________________________________________
（二）关于说的动作：
嘟囔： ____________________
结结巴巴地说： ____________________
宣布： ____________________
保证： ____________________
建议： ____________________
喊叫：： ____________________
补充说道： ___________________
继续说道： ____________________
安慰道： ____________________
脱口而出： ____________________
（三）关于eye的动作：
闪烁（某种感情色彩）： ____________________
各种哭： ____________________
睁大眼睛： ____________________
（四）关于face/cheek的动作：
露出笑容： ____________________
焕发光彩： ____________________
脸红： ____________________
各种笑： ____________________
（五）关于hand的动作：
各种打： ____________________
各种抓： ____________________
拥抱： ____________________
（六）关于body的动作：
弯腰： ____________________
倚靠： ____________________
低头： ____________________
（七）关于heart的动作：
各种心跳： ____________________
漏跳了一拍： ____________________
（八）添加修饰成分，做到生动描写
1. 可以添加介词短语或者副词来修饰动词。
① Her eyes ____________________.她的眼睛中闪烁着兴奋的光芒。
② The ferocious wolf stared at Mac ____________________.(红着双眼)
She kissed Oliver ____________________. （嘴唇苍白）
③ He gazed at me _______________.（惊讶地）
④ He carefully jumped over the broken glasses.
2.①She howled long and loud ____________________（像一只凶恶的狼）_ and then jumped at Buck.
②She went home_________________________.她泪如泉涌地回家去了。
参考答案：
（一）细节描述之“思考”
1. 得知问题所在之后，他的大脑开始急速运转，想要想出一个好的解决方案。
2. 独自一人时，他总是会想到那可怕的经历。
3. 在他洗澡时，突然想到了一个好主意。
1. After he knew what the problem was, his mind began to race, trying to think of a good solution. 2. When left alone, he would always be haunted by that horrible experience. ([不好的回忆]萦绕心头挥之不去)
3. When he was taking a shower, a brilliant idea suddenly crossed his mind
（二）关于说的动作：
嘟囔： whisper/mumble/grunt/murmur
结结巴巴地说：stutter/stumble/stammer
宣布：announce/declare
保证：promise/assure
建议：offer/propose/suggest；
喊叫：cry out喊叫/call喊叫/shout大喊/scream尖叫/yell大喊/exclaim惊叫（因高兴、愤怒、痛苦、惊讶等发生的喊叫）
add补充说道
continue继续说道
comfort安慰道
blurt out脱口而出
（三）关于eye的动作：
闪烁（某种感情色彩）：shine/sparkle/glimmer/glitter/twinkle with excitement/joy/pride等表示感情色彩的名词
各种哭：cry/sob/weep/wail/burst into tears/burst out crying/fight back tears抑制住泪水
睁大眼睛：one’s eyes widened/ grew wide
（四）关于face/cheek的动作：
露出笑容：a smile appeared on/ spread across his face
焕发光彩：one’s face lit up/brightened/glowed
脸红：flush/burn （with embarrassment）
各种笑：smile微笑/laugh出声笑/chuckle轻声笑/giggle咯咯笑/sneer讥讽地笑/beam笑容满面/grin露齿笑
（五）关于hand的动作：
各种打：pound/thump/punch 猛击; beat连续击打；slap打耳光；tap/pat轻拍
各种抓：seize；grasp；grab; clutch; take hold of; catch hold of; hold on to
hug/embrace/hold sb in one’s arms拥抱
（六）关于body的动作：
bend/stoop 弯腰
lean against..倚靠
drop/hang/lower one’s head 低头
（七）关于heart的动作：
各种心跳：beat/thump/pound/pump ( with excitement/fear)
miss/skip a beat 漏跳了一拍
（八）添加修饰成分，做到生动描写
2. 可以添加介词短语或者副词来修饰动词。
①with 情感名词的搭配：
with delight/excitement/ pleasure/ happiness /joy/satisfaction /anger/rage/patience/fear/terror/embarrassment/pride /caution/care/patience/certainty
如：Her eyes shone with excitement.她的眼睛中闪烁着兴奋的光芒。
②with 身体部位
with its hungry red eyes/ its sharp teeth/her shaky hand/her pale lips等等
如：The ferocious wolf stared at Mac with its hungry red eyes.
此处用with its hungry red eyes来修饰动作stare，使狼凶狠的形象更加丰满。
如：She kissed Oliver with her pale lips.
此处用with her pale lips来修饰动作kiss，体现了母亲当时虚弱的状态，和对Oliver满满的爱。
③in 名词 in surprise/amazement/shock/sorrow伤心
in a high /low / sweet/loud/soft /weak voice 用..的嗓音
In a tone of surprise /curiosity /impatience /regret /command命令/sarcasm讽刺 用……的语气
如：He gazed at me in surprise.
④副词 suddenly /immediately /instantly /rapidly /firmly /slowly /angrily/happily/excitedly/
如：He carefully jumped over the broken glasses.
此处也可以把副词carefully提高句首，强调他的小心，效果更好。
高分表达：Carefully，he jumped over the broken glasses.
2. 在动作描写中也可以运用明喻、暗喻、拟人、夸张等写作手法，让你的写作更加生动传神。
① She howled long and loud like a ferocious wolf and then jumped at Buck.
此句把她比作凶残的恶狼，用到了明喻的写作手法，使整句的动作描写更有力度，更有画面感。
② She went home in a flood of tears.她泪如泉涌地回家去了。
此处在动作描写中添加了in a flood of tears夸张描写，生动传神地体现她当时的情感状态。
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