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How to Survive on a Desert Island
如何在荒岛上生存
Surviving on a desert island can be a daunting task. Being stranded on a deserted island without any means of communication or rescue can be a terrifying experience. However, with the right mindset and skills, it is possible to survive and even thrive in such a situation.
在荒岛上生存可能是一项艰巨的任务。被困在荒岛上，没有任何通讯或救援手段，这可能是一种可怕的经历。然而，只要有正确的心态和技能，就有可能在这种情况下生存甚至过得很好。
The first step in surviving on a desert island is to assess the situation and take stock of the available resources. This includes finding sources of food, water, and shelter. It is also important to prioritize safety and take precautions against potential dangers such as extreme weather conditions, dangerous animals, and other hazards.
在荒岛上生存的第一步是评估当前的情况和手头可用的资源。这包括寻找食物、水和住所的来源。同样重要的是，要优先考虑安全问题，并对极端天气条件、危险动物和其他危险等潜在危险采取预防措施。
The first and most important step is to remain calm and avoid panicking. Panic can lead to poor decision-making and waste valuable energy and resources. Instead, take a deep breath and assess the situation.
第一步也是最重要的一步是保持冷静，避免恐慌。恐慌会导致决策失误，浪费宝贵的能源和资源。相反，深呼吸并评估当前的情况。
The next step is to stop and think about the basic needs for survival: shelter, water, food, and self-defense. These needs should be the top priority.
下一步是停下来思考生存的基本需求：住所、水、食物和自卫。这些需求应该是首要任务。
Without shelter, exposure to the elements can be deadly. When stranded on a desert island, finding a suitable shelter is a crucial first step to survival. A shelter provides protection from the elements, such as wind, rain, and sun, and provides a sense of security. There are several options for building a shelter on a desert island. One option is to use natural materials, such as leaves, logs, and branches. These materials can be used to build a lean-to shelter or a tepee. Another option is to use a tent, if one is available. A tent provides more protection from the elements and is easier to set up than a shelter made from natural materials.
如果没有避难所，暴露在恶劣环境中可能会致命。当被困在荒岛上时，找到合适的避难所是生存的关键第一步。庇护所提供了抵御风、雨和阳光等恶劣天气的保护，并提供了安全感。在荒岛上建造避难所有几种选择。一种选择是使用天然材料，如树叶、原木和树枝。这些材料可以用来建造一个倾斜的避难所或锥形雨蓬。另一种选择是使用帐篷，如果有帐篷的话。帐篷比天然材料制成的雨蓬提供了更多的保护，更容易搭建。
Without water, dehydration can set in quickly. One way to obtain water is through rain. Collecting rainwater is a viable option for obtaining drinkable water. Another way to obtain water is by finding a freshwater source. Look for a river, waterfall, or stream. These sources can provide drinkable water, but it is essential to purify the water before drinking it. In the absence of a freshwater source, dew can be collected from plants in the morning. Use a cloth or absorbent material to collect the dew, and then wring it out into a container.
如果没有水，会很快导致身体脱水。获取水的一种方法是通过雨水。收集雨水是获得饮用水的一个可行选择。另一种获取水源的方法是寻找淡水源。寻找河流、瀑布或溪流。这些水源可以提供饮用水，但在饮用之前必须净化水。在没有淡水来源的情况下，可以在早上从植物中收集露水。用布或吸水材料收集露水，然后拧干放入容器中。
Without food, the body will weaken and eventually fail. One of the most common food sources on a desert island is fish. Depending on the island’s location, there may be a variety of fish species in the surrounding waters. Spearfishing is an effective way to catch fish, and one can fashion a spear using materials found on the island. Fruits and berries are also common food sources on desert islands. One must be careful when identifying fruits to avoid consuming poisonous ones. Some examples of edible fruits include coconuts, bananas, and papayas. Insects and other small animals can also be a source of protein in a survival situation. Crabs, snails, and small birds are examples of animals that can be caught and consumed. Insects such as ants, termites, and grasshoppers can also be eaten, and they are a good source of protein.
没有食物，身体会衰弱，最终衰竭。荒岛上最常见的食物来源之一是鱼类。根据岛屿的位置，周围水域可能有各种各样的鱼类。长矛捕鱼是一种有效的捕鱼方式，人们可以使用岛上的材料制作长矛。水果和浆果也是荒岛上常见的食物来源。识别水果时必须小心，避免食用有毒的水果。一些可食用水果包括椰子、香蕉和木瓜。昆虫和其他小动物也可能是生存环境中蛋白质的来源。螃蟹、蜗牛和小鸟都是可以捕捉和食用的动物。蚂蚁、白蚁和蚱蜢等昆虫也可以食用，它们是蛋白质的良好来源。
And without self-defense skills, one may be vulnerable to predators or other dangers. When stranded on a desert island, creating essential tools and weapons is crucial for survival. One of the most important tools to create is a spear. A spear can be used for fishing, hunting, and protection against predators. To make a spear, one needs a sturdy branch, a sharp object such as a knife or sharp rock, and cordage. In addition to a spear, creating other tools such as axes, knives, and saws can make survival on a desert island easier.
如果没有自卫技能，一个人可能很容易受到捕食者或其他危险的伤害。当被困在荒岛上时，制造必要的工具和武器对生存至关重要。制造长矛是最重要的工具之一。矛可以用于捕鱼、狩猎和抵御捕食者。制作长矛需要一根结实的树枝、一把锋利的物体，如刀或锋利的岩石，以及绳索。除了长矛，创造其他工具，如斧头、刀和锯，可以让在荒岛上生存变得更容易。
Maintaining good health is also crucial for survival. This includes staying hydrated, avoiding injuries, and keeping a positive mindset. It’s important to conserve energy and avoid overexertion, especially in the heat of the day.
保持良好的健康对生存也至关重要。这包括保持有水喝，避免受伤，保持积极的心态。保存能量和避免过度劳累是很重要的，尤其是在天气炎热的时候。
【Source】www.americanoceans.org
【Translated by】Spark Liao (廖怀宝)
【Illustration】From Bing
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