Write down the meaning of phrases in each sentence.
1．Samuel planned to be a lawyer rather than a musician.与其；不愿
2．After John came back from abroad，he decided to settle down in his hometown.定居
3．He managed to get the work done without any help.设法做
4．I was wandering in the street when I caught sight of Tom chatting with a girl.看见；瞥见
5．Stephen Hawking is famous for his work on the theory of black holes.因……而著名
6．The musician likes the boy who has a gift for music very much.有……天赋
Study reading
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．Some people have the idea that you can cross Canada in less than five days, but they forget the fact that Canada is 5，500 kilometres from coast to coast.
[尝试翻译] 有些人认为在不到5天的时间里就能穿越加拿大。但是他们忘记了这样一个事实：加拿大从东海岸到西海岸共有5_500公里。
2．At school, they had learned that most Canadians live within a few hundred kilometres of the USA border, and that Canada's population is only slightly over thirty million, but now they were amazed to see such an empty country.
[尝试翻译] 她们在学校学过，大多数加拿大人居住在靠近美国几百公里以内的边境地带，加拿大的人口也只有三千万多一点儿。但是现在看到这么空旷的国家，她们很惊讶。
3．They went through a wheatgrowing province and saw farms that covered thousands of acres.
[尝试翻译] 她们穿过一个种植小麦的省份，看到了面积有数千英亩的农场。
A TRIP ON "THE TRUE NORTH"
Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian were on a trip to Canada to visit their cousins in Montreal on the Atlantic coast. Rather than take the aeroplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train from west to east across Canada. The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting.
Their friend, Danny Lin, was waiting at the airport. He was going to take them and their baggage to catch "The True North"， the crossCanada train. On the way to the station, he chatted about their trip. "You're going to see some great scenery. Going eastward, you'll pass mountains and thousands of lakes and forests, as well as wide rivers and large cities. Some people have the idea that you can cross Canada in less than five days, but they forget the fact that Canada is 5，500 kilometres from coast to coast. Here in Vancouver, you're in Canada's warmest part. People say it is Canada's most beautiful city. surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean. Skiing in the Rocky Mountains and sailing in the harbour make Vancouver one of Canada's most popular cities to live in. Its population is increasing rapidly. The coast north of Vancouver has some of the oldest and most beautiful forests in the world. It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres."
That afternoon aboard the train, the cousins settled down in their seats. Earlier that day, when they crossed the Rocky Mountains, they managed to catch sight of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle. Their next stop was Calgary, which is famous for the Calgary Stampede. Cowboys from all over the world come to compete in the Stampede. Many of them have a gift for riding wild horses and can win thousands of dollars in prizes.
After two days' travel, the girls began to realize that Canada is quite empty. At school, they had learned that most Canadians live within a few hundred kilometres of the USA border, and that Canada's population is only slightly over thirty million, but now they were amazed to see such an empty country. They went through a wheatgrowing province and saw farms that covered thousands of acres. After dinner, they were back in an urban area, the busy port city of Thunder Bay at the top of the Great Lakes. The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes. Because of the Great Lakes, they learned, Canada has more fresh water than any other country in the world. In fact, it has one-third of the world's total fresh water, and much of it is in the Great Lakes.
That night as they slept, the train rushed across the top of Lake Superior, through the great forests and southward towards Toronto.
"真北方"之旅
李黛予和她的表妹刘倩去加拿大大西洋海岸的蒙特利尔看望她们的表兄妹。她们不想一路乘飞机，而是决定先乘飞机到温哥华，再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。要横贯整个大陆的想法很是令人兴奋。
朋友林丹尼在机场等候她们。他要带着她们和她们的行李去火车站乘坐横越加拿大的"真北方"号列车。在去火车站的路上，林丹尼聊起了她们的旅程。"你们沿途将会看到美丽壮阔的风景。一路向东行，你们会经过一座座山脉，上千个湖泊、森林，还有宽阔的河流和许多大城市。有些人认为在不到5天的时间里就能穿越加拿大。但是他们忘记了这样一个事实：加拿大从东海岸到西海岸共有5 500公里。这儿，温哥华，是加拿大最温暖的地方。人们说温哥华是加拿大最美丽的城市，被大山和太平洋环抱。落基山可以滑雪，海港供你扬帆，这些使得温哥华成为加拿大最受欢迎的居住城市之一。这个城市的人口增长很快。在温哥华北面的海岸上保存着世界上最古老、最美丽的森林。那儿的湿度很大，所以树都长得特别高，一些高达90多米。"
那天下午表姐妹俩才登上火车落了座。火车先是穿越落基山脉，她们总算看到了野山羊，甚至还看到了一只大灰熊和一只鹰。她们的下一站就是卡尔加里，这个城市因"大西部赛马会"而闻名。来自世界各地的牛仔们来参加赛马会比赛。他们中许多人都有骑野马的才能，他们能赢得几千美元的奖金。
两天以后，她们开始意识到加拿大人烟稀少。她们在学校学过，大多数加拿大人居住在靠近美国几百公里以内的边境地带，加拿大的人口也只有三千万多一点儿。但是现在看到这么空旷的国家，她们很惊讶。火车穿过一个种植小麦的省份，她们看到了面积有数千英亩的农场。晚饭后，她们又回到城市，位于五大湖区最北端的繁忙的港口城市桑德湾。海轮可以开到五大湖，让表姐妹俩感到吃惊。她们知道，因为五大湖，加拿大的淡水比世界上任何其他国家都要多。事实上，加拿大拥有世界三分之一的淡水量，其中大部分都蓄在五大湖泊里。
那天夜里她们睡着了，火车越过苏必利尔湖北部，穿过大森林，朝南向多伦多飞驰着。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The boss is particular about everything, so the workers will never get away with a slight (微小的) mistake.
2．You must finish the market survey within (在……之内) two weeks.
3．We must stop the damage to both urban (城市的)and country environments.
4．We must take preventive measures (措施) to reduce crime in the area.
5．It is known to all that there are seven continents (洲) on the earth.
6．Within minutes of being introduced they were chatting (聊天) away like old friends.
7．Passengers checked their baggage (行李) before boarding the plane.
8．We reached the harbour (港口) at sunset.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．surround v．包围；围绕→surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n．环境
2．scenery n．景色；风景→scene n．情景，场景
3．eastward adv.&adj.向东(的)→westward adv.&adj.向西(的)→upward adv.&adj.向上(的)
4．slight adj.轻微的；微小的→slightly adv.稍稍；轻微地
5．continent n．洲；大陆→continental adj.大洲的；大陆的
[巧记单词]
Ⅲ.补全短语
1．rather than 与其；不愿
2．settle down 定居；平静下来；专心于
3．manage to_do 设法做
4．catch sight of 看见；瞥见
5．have a gift for 有……天赋
6．be famous for 因……而著名
1．[教材原句]Going eastward，you'll pass mountains and thousands of lakes and forests, as well as wide rivers and large cities.一路东行，你们会穿越一座座山脉，上千个湖泊、森林，还有宽阔的河流和许多大城市。
[句型点拨]现在分词短语作时间状语。
[佳句赏析]Going along the river, you will see many tall buildings as well as pleasant flowers and grass.沿着这条河前行，你不仅会看到赏心悦目的花草，而且会看到很多高大楼群。
2．[教材原句]Skiing in the Rocky Mountains and sailing in the harbor make Vancouver one of Canada's most popular cities to live in.落基山脉可以滑雪，海港供你扬帆，这些使温哥华成为加拿大最受欢迎的居住城市之一。
[句型点拨]make＋宾语＋宾语补足语＋to do ...。
[佳句赏析]Being busy with so many activities every day makes the old man one of the persons to be paid attention to.终日忙于那么多的活动，使这位老人成为备受关注的人物之一。
3．[教材原句]It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 meters.那儿的湿度很大，所以树长得很高，有些高达90多米。
[句型点拨]独立主格结构在句中作状语。
[佳句赏析]The meeting was so long that all present were tired, some even falling asleep during the meeting.会议太长了，所有与会的人都很累，开会期间甚至其中一些人睡着了。
4．[教材原句]Canada has more fresh water than any other country in the world.加拿大的淡水比世界上任何其他国家都要多。
[句型点拨]比较级表示最高级。
[佳句赏析]The book has greater effect on me than any other one.
这本书比任何一本书对我影响都要大。
1．Rather than take the aeroplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train from west to east across Canada.她们不想一路乘飞机，而是决定先飞到温哥华，再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。
★rather than与其；不愿(连接两个并列成分)
①I'd like to go there by train rather than by air.我愿意坐火车而不是乘飞机去那儿。
②He was busy writing a letter rather than watching(watch) TV.他正忙于写信而不是看电视。
(1)rather than连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语与rather than前面的成分在人称和数上保持一致。
③I think Tom, rather than you, is (be) to blame.我认为是汤姆，而不是你应受到责备。
(2)rather than后接不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to，但当rather than位于句首时，只能接不带to的不定式。
④At last I decided to write rather than (to) telephone.
＝At last rather than telephone I decided to write.最后我决定写信而不是打电话。
2．People say it is Canada's most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean. 人们都说，它(温哥华)是加拿大最美丽的城市，被大山和太平洋环抱着。
★surround vt.包围；围绕
(1)surround sb./sth. with sb./sth. 使某人/物包围某人/物
be surrounded by/with ... 被……包围
(2)surrounding adj. 周围的
surroundings n. 环境(指周围的具体的物质环境)
①The farmer surrounded his house and garden with a fence.那个农民用一道篱笆把房子和花园围住。
②To some people, happiness meas they are surrounded (surround) by family and friends.对于有些人来说，幸福就是被家人和朋友包围着。
③Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings (surround)．只有这样我们才能生活在更舒适更美丽的环境里。
3．It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres. 那儿湿度很大，所以树长得很高，有些高达90多米。
★measure vi.& vt.测量；衡量；判定n.计量制；计量单位；措施；尺寸
(1)measure ... by ... 用……来衡量……
be measured by/in 用……来衡量/计算
(2)take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事
make sth. to sb.'s measure 照某人的尺寸做某物
①In a society that tends to measure everything by dollars and cents, we learn from a young age to consider the costs of our decisions in financial terms.在一个用金钱来衡量一切的社会里，我们从小学着从金钱的角度来衡量我们所做决定的价值。
②It's generally acknowledged that education shouldn't be_measured (measure) only by examination results.普遍认为教育不应该单纯用考试成绩来衡量。
③The number of them is less than 1，000, so I hope you can take some effective measures to protect them.它们的数量不足1 000只，因此我希望你们能采取有效措施来保护它们。
[点津] measure意为"有……长(宽、高、重)"时为不及物动词，常用主动形式。
④Some villagers reported a huge snake, measuring (measure) over two metres long, was found dead in a nearby cave.一些村民报告说发现了一条长两米多的巨蛇，发现时已经在附近的洞里死了。
4．That afternoon aboard the train, the cousins settled down in their seats. 那天下午表姐妹俩才登上火车落了座。
★settle down定居；平静下来；专心于
settle down to (doing) sth. 开始专注于某事物；着手认真做某事
settle in/into 安顿下来；适应新的工作环境等
settle a problem/an argument 解决问题/争议
①He wants me to settle down, but now I want him to find an adventure.他想让我安顿下来，然而我现在却想让他去冒险。
②Don't just waste your precious time; settle down to reading (read)．不要把大好时光浪费掉，坐下来读点书。
③You must come and see our new house when we've settled in．等我们迁入新居，你一定要来看看我们的新房子。
5．Earlier that day, when they crossed the Rocky Mountains, they managed to catch sight of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle. 那天早些时候，当她们穿越落基山脉时，她们总算看到了野山羊，甚至还看到了一只大灰熊和一只鹰。
★manage to do设法做
manage sb. 设法对付某人
manage sth. 经营/管理……
manage it 能做到
①I carefully analyzed the problem and tried to work it out in a different way. Half an hour later, I managed to find the correct answer.我仔细分析问题，试图从不同的角度解决它。半个小时后，我成功地得出正确答案。
②Thank you all the same. I can manage it myself.我还是要谢谢你。我自己能行。
③No matter what happened, I tried to finish my task on schedule. Luckily, with my teacher's timely help, I managed to finish it ahead of time.无论发生什么，我尽力按时完成任务。幸运的是，在老师的及时帮助下，我成功地提前完成了任务。
★catch sight of看见；瞥见
at first sight 乍看起来；一看见
in/within sight 在视线内；看得见
out of sight 看不见；在视线外
at the sight of 一看见……
lose sight of 看不见……
come into sight 进入视野中
④Don't let me catch sight of you dong it again!别让我再看到你干这种事了！
⑤John fell in love with her at first sight．约翰对她一见钟情。
⑥My friends merged into the crowd and I lost sight of them.我的朋友消失在人群中，我看不到他们了。
6．Many of them have a gift for riding wild horses and can win thousands of dollars in prizes. 他们中有许多人都有骑野马的才能，他们能赢得几千美元的奖金。
★have a gift for有……天赋
(1)gift (＝talent) n．天赋；天生的才能；礼物
(2)gifted (＝ talented) adj. 有天分的；有天赋的
be gifted/talented in (doing) sth. 擅长(做)某事
①Caroline doesn't have a gift for music, but she makes up for it with hard work.卡罗琳对音乐没有天赋，但她用努力来弥补它。
②He has a gift for painting and his elder sister is a person of many gifts (gift)．他有绘画天分，而他姐姐则是一个多才多艺的人。
③As is known to us all, Lang Lang is a gifted (gift) pianist.众所周知，郎朗是一位有天赋的钢琴家。
7．Canada has more fresh water than any other country in the world.加拿大的淡水比世界上任何其他国家都要多。
★此句为："比较级＋than any other ..."结构，意为"比其他任何……都……"；该句型形式上是比较级，却表示最高级意义。
表示最高级意义的常用结构：
(2)否定词＋比较级
①Mike is more hardworking than any other student in the class.迈克比班里其他的任何一个同学都勤奋。
②Tom is taller than any other student in our class.
＝Tom is taller than anyone else in our class.
＝Tom is taller than any of the other students in our class.
＝No one is taller than Tom in our class.
汤姆是我们班最高的学生。
[点津] any other 后面跟单数名词，表示"任何别的"，即主语在范围内。如果主语不在这一范围内，那么要去掉other，只要any即可。试比较：
③Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.
(上海在中国这个范围内，所以用any other)
④Shanghai is larger than any city in Shandong.
(上海不在山东这个范围内，所以只需用any)
[语法初识]
[语法剖析]
1．在主从复合句中，在句中作某一名词尤其是抽象名词的同位语，一般位于该名词之后，说明该名词的具体内容的从句叫同位语从句。
2．能跟同位语从句的名词一般是fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish, promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名词。
The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly我国女排赢得冠军的消息大大地鼓舞了我们所有人。
He raised a question where we would have our meeting.他提出疑问，我们将在哪里举行会议。
I don't like the idea that money is everything.我不喜欢金钱就是一切这一观点。
We have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time.我们怀疑他们能否按时完成任务。
We felt sad at the thought what he did and said.一想起他的所作所为我们就感到难过。
I have no idea when he will be back.我不知道他什么时候回来。
句型转换
①She works hard. The fact is well known to us all.
→The fact that she works hard is well known to us all.
②When will he start？I have no idea about it.
→I have no idea when he will start．
③The question is not clear. We need more time to do the work.
→The question whether we need more time to do the work is not clear.
1．分隔式同位语从句：有时同位语从句与其所说明的名词会被其他成分隔开，从而形成分隔式同位语从句，这样做主要是为了保持句子结构平衡，避免头重脚轻。
Word came that some wolves were caught around that village.有消息传来说在那个村子周围捕获了几只狼。
翻译句子
①有消息传来说普京(Putin)再次当选(elect)总统。
Word/News came that Putin was elected president again.
②A saying goes that practice makes perfect.熟能生巧是谚语。
2．名词suggestion, order, demand, command, request, desire, proposal等后的同位语从句要使用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用"should＋动词原形"，should可以省略。
He made a suggestion that I (should) start right now.他提出建议我应该立刻动身。
单句语法填空
①He gave orders that the work (should) be started (start) immediately.
②Our teacher gave us some advice on how we (should) use (use) the computer.
3．在肯定句中，名词doubt后的同位语从句用whether引导；在否定句或疑问句中，doubt后的同位语从句用that引导。
I have no doubt that he will win the game.我坚信他会赢得这场比赛。
There's some doubt whether John will come on time.对约翰是否会准时到有一些怀疑。
选词填空：whether，that
①There can be little doubt that this kind of class can help the gifted children to graduate earlier.
②I have some doubt whether she will come on time.
I've come from Mr. Wang with the news that he won't be able to see you this afternoon.我从王先生那边得知，他今天下午不能来看你了。
The news (that) we heard on the radio was not true.我们在收音机里听到的那则消息不是真的。
判断加黑部分是定语从句还是同位语从句
①The foreigner expressed the hope that he would come to China again.同位语从句
②The news that you told us last night made us very happy. 定语从句
③He will never forget the days when he lived with his grandparents.定语从句
④He has no idea when the meeting will be held.同位语从句
词汇：
1．mix vi.& vt.混合；调配→mixture n．混合(物)；混合状态
2．wealth n．财富→wealthy adj.富有的
3．impress vt.使印象深刻；使铭记→impression n．印象→impressive adj.给人印象深刻的；感人的
4．terrify vt. 使恐怖；恐吓→terrified adj.恐惧的；受惊吓的→terrifying adj.令人恐惧的
5．pleased adj.欣喜的；高兴的；愉快的→pleasant adj.令人高兴的→pleasure n．高兴的事
6．approximately adv.接近，大约→approximate adj.近似的；大约的
7．distance n．距离，远方→distant adj.远方的
Ⅲ.补全短语
1．mix up 弄错；弄乱；混淆
2．go on a tour 去游览
3．in the distance 在远处
4．rise from ... 从……中升起
5．as far as 远到；直到；至于
6.at dawn 在黎明；在拂晓
7．be close to 靠近；接近
8.through the forest 穿越森林
1．[教材原句]They were not leaving for Montreal until later, so they went on a tour of the city.
她们要晚些时候才动身去蒙特利尔，因此就在(多伦多)市内游览了一番。
[句型点拨]not ... until ..."直到……才……"。
[佳句赏析]I didn't realize its importance until I was chosen monitor of my class.
直到我被选为我们班的班长我才意识到它的重要性。
2．[教材原句]It's too bad you can't go as far as Ottawa, Canada's capital.
很可惜你们不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太华。
[句型点拨]as far as"远到；远至；就……而言"。
[佳句赏析]You'll be accompanied as far as the border and then you must find your own way.
有人送你到边境，然后你必须自己走了。
3．[教材原句]They saw the covered stadium, home of several famous basketball teams.
她们看到了加顶的大型运动场，那是几支著名的篮球队的驻地。
[句型点拨]home of ... "……的驻地"，在句中作同位语。
[佳句赏析I'm Li Hua, a student from China.
我是李华，一位来自中国的中学生。
4．[教材原句]As they sat in a buffet restaurant looking over the broad St Lawrence River, a young man sat down with them.
当她们坐在咖啡馆里眺望广阔的圣劳伦斯河时，一个年轻男子坐在了她们身边。
[句型点拨]looking over ... 为现在分词短语在句中作伴随状语。
[佳句赏析]As we sat with each other talking about something interesting in the park, a little girl ran up to us.
当我们坐在公园里在一起谈一些有趣的事情时，一个小女孩跑向我们。
[课 文 对 译]
"THE TRUE NORTH" FROM TORONTO TO MONTREAL
The next morning the bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red, gold and orange, and there was frost on the ground, confirming that fall had arrived in Canada.
Around noon they arrived in Toronto, the biggest and most wealthy city in Canada. They were not leaving for Montreal until later, so they went on a tour of the city. They went up the tall CN Tower and looked across the lake. In the distance, they could see the misty cloud that rose from the great Niagara Falls, which is on the south side of the lake. The water flows into the Niagara River and over the falls on its way to the sea.
They saw the covered stadium, home of several famous basketball teams. As they walked north from the harbour area, Li Daiyu said, "Lin Fei, one of my mother's old schoolmates, lives here. I should phone her from a telephone booth."
They met Lin Fei around dusk in downtown Chinatown, one of the three in Toronto. Over dinner at a restaurant called The Pink Pearl, the cousins chatted with Lin Fei, who had moved to Canada many years earlier. "We can get good Cantonese food here，" Lin Fei told them, "because most of the Chinese people here come from South China, especially Hong Kong. It's too bad you can't go as far as Ottawa, Canada's capital. It's approximately four hundred kilometres northeast of Toronto, so it would take too long."
The train left late that night and arrived in Montreal at dawn the next morning. At the station, people everywhere were speaking French. There were signs and ads in French, but some of them had English words in smaller letters. "We don't leave until this evening，" said Liu Qian. "Let's go downtown. Old Montreal is close to the water." They spent the afternoon in lovely shops and visiting artists in their workplaces beside the water. As they sat in a buffet restaurant looking over the broad St Lawrence River, a young man sat down with them.
"Hello, my name is Henri. I'm a student at the university nearby，" he said, "and I was wondering where you are from." The girls told him they were on a train trip across Canada and that they had only one day in Montreal. "That's too bad，" he said. "Montreal is a city with wonderful restaurants and clubs. Most of us speak both English and French, but the city has French culture and traditions. We love good coffee, good bread and good music."
That night as the train was speeding along the St Lawrence River toward the Gulf of St Lawrence and down to the distant east coast, the cousins dreamed of French restaurants and red maple leaves.
多伦多——蒙特利尔的"真北方"列车
第二天早上，在她们的车窗外到处是灌木丛和枫树，挂满朱红、赤金和橘黄色的叶子，地面上覆盖了一层薄霜，表明秋天已经来到了加拿大。
中午时分，她们来到多伦多——加拿大最大、最富有的城市。她们要晚些时候才动身去蒙特利尔，因此就在多伦多市内游览了一番。她们登上了高高的加拿大国家电视塔，俯瞰着下面的湖水。远处，她们可以看到湖的南边尼亚加拉大瀑布上方升腾着的雾霭。湖水流入尼亚加拉河，再经过大瀑布，流向大海。
她们看到了加顶的大型运动场，那是几支著名的篮球队的驻地。当她们从港口区向北走的时候，李黛予说："我妈妈的老同学林菲住在这里，我该到电话亭去给她打个电话。"
大约黄昏时分，她们在市区的中国城遇到了林菲，这是多伦多三个中国城中的一个。在一个名叫"粉珠酒楼"的餐馆里用餐时，表姐妹和许多年前就移居加拿大的林菲闲聊了起来。林菲告诉她们："我们在这里可以吃到很好的广东菜，因为这里的大多数中国人来自中国南方，尤其是香港。很可惜你们不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太华。它在多伦多东北方约400公里，要去那儿花时间就太多了。"
火车在那夜晚些时候启程了，第二天黎明到达了蒙特利尔。火车站里，人们到处说的是法语。指示牌和广告也都是法文的，但有些标注了小字体的英文。刘倩说："我们要到傍晚才动身，不如到市区去走走。"整个下午她们穿梭于布局可爱的商店，还拜访了水边工作坊里的艺术家。当她们坐在一家自助餐厅里眺望广阔的圣劳伦斯河时，一个年轻人坐在了她们的身边。
他说："你们好，我叫亨利，是附近大学里的学生。请问你们从哪里来？"姑娘们告诉他，她们是坐火车来旅游的，要横穿加拿大，在蒙特利尔只待一天。他说："这太糟糕了，蒙特利尔这个城市有极好的餐馆和俱乐部。我们大多数人既说英语也说法语，但是这座城市具有法国文化和传统。我们喜欢美味的咖啡和面包，还有好听的音乐。"
那天晚上，火车沿着圣劳伦斯河疾驰，朝圣劳伦斯湾驶去，一直开到远方的东海岸，姐妹两个做梦都在想着法国餐馆和红色枫叶。
1．The families who have lived in Canada for a long time are usually all mixed up. (P37)
在加拿大长期居住的家庭通常被混淆。
★mix vt.& vi.混合；调配
(1)mix up 混合；使迷惑；弄乱；弄错
mix (...) with ... (与……)混合
(2)mixture n. 混合(物)；混合状态
a mixture of ……的混合体
①I don't like to mix business with pleasure.我不喜欢把工作和娱乐混在一起。
②It's much better if you can sometimes mix business with pleasure.如果你们有时能把工作和娱乐结合起来那就更好了。
③This plant requires a muddy soil, therefore a mixture(mix) of clay and sand is ideal.这株植物需要淤泥质土，所以黏土和沙子的混合物是理想的。
2．The next morning the bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red, gold and orange, and there was frost on the ground, confirming that fall had arrived in Canada. 第二天早上，在她们的车窗外到处是灌木丛和枫树，挂满了朱红、赤金和橘黄色的叶子，地面上覆盖了一层薄霜，表明秋天已经来到了加拿大。
★confirm vt.证实；证明；批准
confirm＋sth./that从句/wh从句 (尤指通过提供更多证据)证实
It has been confirmed that ... 已确定……
confirm sb.in sth. 使某人确信某事
①My younger brother will confirm what I have told you.
我弟弟将证实我跟你说过的话。
②It has been confirmed (confirm) that he was killed in the earthquake.他在地震中丧生已经被证实。
③We are confirmed in the honesty of John.我们坚信约翰的诚实性。
3．They were not leaving for Montreal until later, so they went on a tour of the city.她们要晚些时候才动身去蒙特利尔，因此就在(多伦多)市内游览了一番。
★本句含有"not ... until ..."句式。
(1)如果主句的谓语动词是延续性动词，需用肯定式，表示动作一直持续到until所表示的时间为止。
①They stayed here until last week.他们一直待到上周。
(2)如果主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词，如go, come, leave, finish, hold等，常用否定式，表示某一动作到until所表示的时间才发生，构成not ... until ..."直到……才……"。
②Her first solo show in Mexico was not held until 1953.直到1953年，她的第一个个人展才在墨西哥举行。
(3)在not ... until ... 句型结构中，可以把not until提到句首，主句用倒装语序。
③Not until then did_I_realize the value of friends.直到那时，我才意识到朋友的重要性。
(4)not ... until ... 句型的强调句式为it is/was not until ... that ...。
④It was not until the next day that I learned the truth.直到第二天，我才明白事情的真相。
[点津] 若强调until从句中的动词先于主句的谓语动词发生，则从句中的谓语动词使用完成时。
⑤Don't leave until all the work has been finished (finish)．把所有的工作做完后再离开。
4．In the distance, they could see the misty cloud that rose from the great Niagara Falls, which is on the south side of the lake.在远处，她们可以看到在湖的南边尼亚加拉大瀑布上方升腾着雾霭。
★distance n．距离；远方；遥远；疏远
(1)in the distance 在远方
at a distance 隔一段距离；距离稍远
within walking distance 步行即可到达的地方
keep sb. at a distance 对某人冷淡；与某人保持距离
keep one's distance from ... 与……保持距离
(2)distant adj. (时间或空间)遥远的；久远的；远处的；远亲的，远房的
①I could see the bus coming in the distance.我能看见公共汽车正从远处开来。
②The picture on the wall looks more beautiful at a distance．墙上的这幅画在远处看更美。
③It was difficult to get to know her because she always kept everyone at a distance.很难搞懂她，因为她总是与每个人保持一定距离。
[点津] 提问距离多远时，如果用distance，则用疑问词what。
④What is the distance from Jinan to Chicago?从济南到芝加哥有多远？
⑤Although there is a long distance between Tom and his family, they don't feel distant (distance)．
尽管汤姆和家人距离遥远，但是他们没有感到疏远。
5．It's too bad you can't go as far as Ottawa, Canada's capital. 很可惜你们不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太华。
★as far as远至……；就……而言；尽……所能
as/so far as sb./sth. is concerned 就某人/物而言
as far as the eye can see/reach 就视力所能及
so/as far as I can see 依我看
as far as I know 就我所知
①His parents supported him as far as they could.他父母竭尽全力支持他。
②As far as I'm concerned, not only does outdoor exercise get us close to nature but also give relaxation from heavy schoolwork.就我个人而言，户外运动不仅能使我们接近大自然，而且能让我们从沉重的学习任务中摆脱出来得以休闲。
③As far as I know,_he has a gift for swimming.就我所知，他擅长游泳。
[联想]
6.Most of us speak both English and French, but the city has French culture and traditions.
我们大多数人都说英语和法语，但是这座城市具有法国文化和传统。
★tradition n．传统；风俗
(1)It is a tradition to do sth./that ... 做某事是传统
by tradition 按照传统
(2)traditional adj. 传统的；惯例的
(3)traditionally adv. 传统地；惯例地
①In China, it is a tradition to respect and love the old.尊重、关爱老人是中国的传统。
②It is a tradition that women get married in red in most places of China.
女性结婚时穿红色衣服是中国很多地方的传统风俗。
③It's traditional(tradition)in America to eat turkey on Thanksgiving Day.感恩节吃火鸡是美国传统。
7. terrify vt.使恐怖；恐吓(P39)
(1)terrify sb. into doing ... 恐吓某人做……
(2)be terrified of ... 害怕……；不敢……
be terrified that ... 害怕……
①They terrified the boy into not telling what he had seen.他们恐吓那孩子使其不把所看到的情况说出来。
②The old lady was terrified of crossing the busy road.老太太害怕横穿行人车辆多的马路。
[联想]
③To the terror of everyone, the terrorist made a terrifying decision and made everyone present terrified, which was terrible. (terrify)令每一个人恐怖的是，恐怖分子做出了一个令人恐怖的决定使在场的每个人害怕，太可怕了。
[点津] terrifying多用来形容事物，表示事物的性质；而terrified则多用来形容人或表情、声音等，表示人的感觉。
8．impress vt.使印象深刻；使铭记；铭刻；给……留下极深的印象 (P39)
(1)be impressed by/at/with 对……印象深刻
impress sth. on/upon sb.
=impress sb. with sth. 使某人牢记某事
(2)impression n. 印象；感想
leave/make a(n) ...impression on sb.给某人留下……的印象
(3)impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的；感人的
①For some reason, she was impressed with my work and me.由于某种原因，她对我和我的工作印象深刻。
②我父亲要我牢记努力工作的重要性。(一句多译)
→My father impressed on me the value of hard work.
→My father impressed me with the value of hard work.
③The new teacher made a good impression (impress) on the students by her rich knowledge and humorous talk.那位新老师以丰富的知识和幽默的语言给同学们留下了很好的印象
.
[技法指导]
本单元的写作任务是写一篇旅游报告。旅游报告的写法比较灵活，在描写景点的过程中可以抒发感情，夹叙夹议。一篇好的旅游报告不仅能引导读者跟作者一起欣赏美丽的风景，使读者产生身临其境的感受，还能启迪人的思想，陶冶人的情操，给人以美的感受。
旅游报告大致包括以下几个写作步骤：
1．简要介绍你的旅游报告主题，即你所去的地方。
2．具体列出见闻的内容。在这个部分首先要注意自己旅游的路线或顺序，这样可以使你的旅游报告内容清晰，而且也会给别人留下深刻的印象；其次要注意分清主次，详略得当，虽然游览一个地方时，你看到的景物很多很复杂，但不能把自己的所见所闻一一列出，要选择最有特色、最感兴趣的景物，切忌面面俱到。
3．对旅游的总结。在介绍完自己在某地的见闻后，要对此次旅行进行简短的总结。
黄金表达
常用的开头语
1．As we all know, Australia is one of the developed countries.
众所周知，澳大利亚是个发达国家。
2．China is a developing country, with a population of 1.3 billion.
中国是个发展中国家，有13亿人口。
3．In Beijing, there are many places of interest and historical spots, such as the Great Wall, the Summer Palace and so on.
在北京有很多名胜古迹，如长城，颐和园等。
4．When we reached the farm, we were given a warm welcome.
我们一到达农场，就受到了热烈欢迎。
5．As is known to us all, Mount Huashan is famous for its breathtaking cliffs and its unique characteristics.
正如大家所知道的，华山以它险峻的悬崖和它独一无二的特征而出名。
6．Canada, which is the second largest country in the world, covers an area of 9.97 million square kilometres.
加拿大，世界第二大国，占地 997万平方公里。
主体部分常用表达
1．Qianmen, with a history of 600 years old, is 800 meters in length, along which there are more than 300 shops.
前门大街有600年历史，800米长，沿街有300家店铺。
2．Standing on the top of the mountain, the temple has witnessed many changes in this area.
坐落在山顶的庙见证了这个地区的许多变化。
3．It's very convenient to get there by taking Buses No. 17, 69 or 59 besides Subway Line 2.
乘车到达那儿很方便，可乘坐公共汽车17、69、59等路，以及地铁2号线。
4．Yunmeng Lake is a beautiful place, where the water is so clean that there are all kinds of fish in it, and you can go boating, go fishing and have a picnic.
云蒙湖是一个很美丽的地方，湖水清澈，湖中有各种各样的鱼；你可以到那里划船、钓鱼、野餐。
5．Once on the top of the hill, we were deeply attracted by the beautiful scenery.
一到达山顶，我们就被这里美丽的风景深深吸引。
常用的结束语
1．It's time to go back but we're fascinated by the scenery and reluctant to leave.
该返程了，我们沉浸在美丽的风景中不愿离开。
2．It attracts millions of people from all over the world every year.
每年，它吸引数以百万计的世界各地游客。
[写作规范]
[题目要求]
假如你是李黛予，刚刚和堂妹刘倩从加拿大旅游回来，请根据下面提示写一篇100词左右的报告，简要向同学们介绍你们的经历。
第一步：搜索单元词汇
1．乘火车 by train
2．风景 scenery
3．加拿大国家电视塔 the CN Tower
4．薄雾 mist
5．加顶的体育馆 the covered stadium
6．法语的指示牌和广告 signs and ads in French
第二步：巧用单元语法、句型
(一)根据汉语提示完成句子
1．我们看到了一些最重要的、最有趣的东西。
We saw some of the most important and interesting things．
2．它们都包含在这个报告中。
They are included in this report．
3．我们乘火车穿过落基山。
We passed through the Rocky Mountains on the train.
4．我们看到了美丽的风景、大灰熊和一些山羊。
We saw beautiful scenery, a grizzly bear and some mountain goats.
5．加拿大的中部地区很空旷。
Canada is very empty in the centre.
6．它是小麦种植区。
It is a wheatgrowing_area．
(二)根据所给要求、用以上句子完成句式升级
7．用定语从句连接句1、2
Some of the most important and interesting things that we saw are included in this report.
8．用并列连词and连接句3、4
We passed through the Rocky Mountains on the train, and saw beautiful scenery, a grizzly bear and some mountain goats.
9．用which引导的非限制性定语从句连接句5、6
Canada is very empty in the centre, which is a wheatgrowing area.
第三步：连接过渡成篇
What we saw in Canada
My cousin and I travelled across Canada by train from west to east. Some of the most important and interesting things that we saw are included in this report.
We passed through the Rocky Mountains on the train, and saw beautiful scenery, a grizzly bear and some mountain goats. Canada is very empty in the centre, which is a wheatgrowing area. In Toronto, we went up the CN Tower and saw the mist from Niagara Falls. We visited the covered stadium, which is the home of the famous basketball team. In Montreal, we saw many signs and ads in French.
There is so much to see and do in Canada on one trip. We saw only a few things, but we think we would like to go back for another visit.
