预制插件房让废墟一日之内变为宜居住宅
The prefab Plugin House turns ruins into livable dwellings in just one day
北京的众建筑设计事务所，在最近的上围村插件房项目中，又一次表达了他们的创新意识，以及表达了社会意识方面的潜力。这些定制房屋使用模块化建筑系统预制面板，它们可以嵌入到现存的结构中，让曾经不适合居住的既有空间变得宜居且有吸引力，花费也比典型的改造翻新项目要少得多。这些实验性住房位于中国深圳附近的上围村，均可由非专业人士使用仅一件工具在一天之内搭建完成。
Beijing-based design studio People’s Architecture Office has proved yet again its knack for innovation and socially conscious design with its recent project, the Shangwei Village Plugin House. Made with a modular building system of prefabricated panels, these customizable homes can slot into existing structures to make formerly uninhabitable spaces both livable and attractive for far less than the cost of a typical renovation. The experimental dwellings were installed in the Chinese village of Shangwei near Shenzhen and can be assembled with unskilled labor using just one tool in less than a day.
当地政府联手当地的非营利组织乐平基金会和未来 ，委任众建筑来改造一系列逾百年的老建筑，让这里成为当地新兴艺术家和工艺师们的摇篮。不过上围村废弃了许久，许多屋顶倒塌，不适合居住。鉴于任何改造工作都有可能对毗邻的建筑物造成不利影响，建筑师们决定在既有房屋内部，通过置入新的结构作为加固措施，来改造整体空间。这一设计方法被公司称为“插件房”。
The local government, the Shangwei Village Cooperative, along with local nonprofit Leping Foundation and Future Plus, tapped People’s Architecture Office to renovate a series of centuries-old structures into houses for supporting a budding community of local artists and craftspeople. Having been left vacant for decades, the structures had become uninhabitable ruins with caved-in roofs. Since renovation could adversely affect adjacent buildings, the architects decided to rehabilitate the spaces by inserting new construction — with added structural reinforcement — inside the existing structures, a typology that the firm calls the ‘Plugin House.’
“工业生产制造让高质量材料大大提高能效，规模经济使得插件房价格低廉。”建筑师解释道，“尽管插件面板大批量生产，但每一座插件房都根据特定的场所而定制。”比如，黄氏插件房就放置在160平方英尺（约15㎡）的狭小基地上。为了节省空间，卧室位于夹层，坍塌的墙壁上伸出一扇角窗，原屋顶处设有新天窗。与此不同的是，方氏插件房面积稍大一些，共215平方英尺（约20㎡）。
“Industrial manufacturing allows the use of high quality materials that drastically increase energy efficiency and economies of scale ensure the Plugin House remains inexpensive,” the architects explained. “Although the Plugin Panels are mass produced, each Plugin House is customized to fit its particular site.” The Huang Family Plugin House, for instance, slots into a tiny 160-square-foot space. The space-saving construction features a mezzanine bedroom with a corner window cantilevered over a collapsed wall as well as a new skylight where the original roof once was. The Fang Family Plugin House, on the other hand, is slightly larger at 215 square feet.
建筑师们还补充道：“在这两个场所，插件房还通过增加可以有效加热和冷却的迷你细分单元、现代厨房和脱离供电网络运作的堆肥厕所系统来提升生活的品质。”
The architects added, “For both locations, the Plugin House System raises living standards by adding efficient mini-split units for heating and cooling, modern kitchens and off-the-grid composting toilet systems.”
建筑设计：众建筑
摄影师： 众建筑 战长恒
People’s Architecture Office
Images by ZHAN Changheng and People’s Architecture Office
由专筑网小满，李韧编译
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