Unit1
◆ 知识探究
Is my encyclopaedia useful, Lo?
useful: 有用的，有益的，有帮助的 a useful book
use ful= useful 名词 ful= 形容词
以-ful结尾的形容词的反义词多是相应的以-less结尾的形容词。
eg: useful--useless careful--careless helpful--helpless
Leonardo da Vinci was an Italian painter, inventor, musician,engineer and scientist.
动词后加后缀-er/ -or构成一种职业。
eg: teach 教-- teacher 教师 sing 唱-- singer 歌唱家
visit 参观-- visitor 参观者 invent 发明-- inventor 发明家
cook v. 烹饪 My mother cooked a delicious meal for us.
n. 厨师 My father is a famous cook.
cooker n. 厨具 Do you think rice cooker is a useful cooker?
Look it up!
查阅；查询，强调在词典、参考书等工具书里查阅。
We can look up new words in a dictionary.
【拓展】：look up 仰视；向上看
He looked up from his book as I came into the room.
look的相关短语：
look around 环顾四周
look after 照顾
look for 寻找
look forward to 盼望
Da Vinci was born in the countryside.
be born 出生 一般用于过去式 was born/ were born
be born in 地点 I was born in Guangzhou.
be born in 某年/某月 Jim was born in July.
be born on 具体到某一天 The twins were born on 1st January.
From an early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic ability.
show 1) 出示，展示，显露，露出
He showed his photo to me = He showed me his photo.
2) 流露，表示，表现
He showed great interest in science when he was young.
3) 教，告诉，说明，指点
He showed me the way on the map.
His painting are very famous , and one, the Mona Lisa, is perhaps the most famous painting in the world.
famous = well-known
be famous for
be famous as
Dinosaurs lived on the Earth more than 60 million years before human beings.
more than 超过；多于，相当于over, less than 少于
They have more than a car.
million 百万
1）与具体的数字连用时，不加s ，后面直接接复数名词。
There are about two thousand students in this school.
2) 固定短语：millions of hundred, thousand, billion和million的用法相同
Millions of people help them in different ways.
Tips: hundred, thousand 和million,有时含糊有时清。
清时无-s和of， 糊时-s和of跟
They lived everywhere on Earth.
everywhere 副词 “到处”，相当于here and there
辨析：
Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens.
As.....as 与.....一样......
1) 当两个比较对象在某方面相同时，用“ as 形容词/副词原级 as”结构，
表示“（A和B）一样”...... This tree is as tall as that one.
2) 比较两个对象时，若一方不及另一方，则用“not as/so 形容词/副词原级 as”结构，
表示“A不如B....” Our school is not as big as yours.
However, some dinosaurs liked to eat meat.
however “然而，但是”
However, this does not always happen.
She falls ill. She goes to work, however, and stays up late.
He says that it is so. He is wrong, however.
however | 然而，转折的意味较弱 | 可位于句首，句中，句末 | 后面常用逗号分开 | He likes music. However, his wife doesn’t. |
but | 但是；转折的意味很强烈 | 位于分句的句首 | 后面不使用逗号 | He likes music, but his wife doesn’t. |
Nobody knows why.
nobody 不定代词，“没有人”，相当于 no one. Nobody作主语时，谓语动词 要用单数形式。
There was nobody in the room.
everybody | 每个人；人人 |
somebody | 某人 |
anybody | 任何人；无论谁 |
at the end of 在......的末尾；在......的尽头 时间/地点
There is a park at the end of the road.
We will have an exam at the end of the month.
used to do 过去常常做某事，并且含有现在已不做之意。
I used to go to that primary school.
help sb do sth 帮助某人做某事
He often helps me study English.
He often helps me with my English.
【拓展】：help oneself to ... 随便吃些......
Help yourselves to some fish, children.
Can’t help doing .... 禁不住做......
She can’t help laughing.
Just remember to think and to dream.
remember 及物动词
Please remember the story.
辨析：remember to do sth 与remember doing sth
remember to do sth | 记得去做某事（此事还未做） | Remember to post his letter 记得要为他寄信 |
remember doing sth | 记得已做过某事（此事已做完） | I remember posting his letter 我记得已帮他寄过信。 |
Some were small; others were huge.
some ...others... 一些......另一些......
others 指除去一部分之后的另一些，但不是剩余的全部。
There are lots of people in the park. Some are walking and others are climbing the hill.
some...the others 一些......其余的......,
the others 指剩下的全部包含在内的“其余的人或事物”
There are many children on the beach. Some can swim but the others can’t.
How long did dinosaurs live on Earth before they disappeared?
How long “多长时间”用于提问一段时间，还可以提问物体的长度。
--How long will you stay in Hong Kong?
--For ten days.
how often
how soon
how many
Jane Dickinson won Magic TV Quiz.
win 是及物动词，意为“赢得，获胜”，后面接的宾语一般是比赛、辩论或战斗等名词。
Who won the men’s 400 meters race?
We must win today.
beat 击败，打败，胜过， 后面接的宾语是参加比赛的人、团体等。
Li Lei beat Jim and won the first prize.
She can find out about many......
find out 了解（到）；弄清；
I try to find out who broke the machine.
辨析：
find out | 查明 | 指通过观察、探索等努力才查明结果 |
find | 发现，找到 | 强调结果 |
look for | 寻找 | 强调过程 |
I lost my pen. I have looked for it everywhere, but I can’t find it. Could you help me find out who has found it?
It’s always useful to have an encyclopaedia around the house.
句型：It’s adj ( for sb) to do sth. 做某事（对于某人来说）是......的
It’s very important for us to learn English.
look like 看起来像
用法 1. 用作不及物动词,意为“看,望,瞧”。 1)单独使用时,后不跟介词。如: I looked but saw nothing.我看了,但什么也没看见。 2)和at连用。 Look at these pictures. How beautiful they are!看这些画,它们是多么漂亮啊! 2. 用作连系动词,意为“看起来”。 1)后跟形容词。
如: You look well/fine/healthy.你看起来很健康。
The teacher looks happy. 老师看上去很高兴。
She looks pale. 她面色苍白。
Landy wanted something to make people come to his fruit shop, so he built the Big banana.
make sb do sth 使某人/让某人做某事
The boss made me work twelve hours a day.
make sb adj
This terrible news made her sad.
