黄釉是汉族传统的陶瓷装饰艺术。最早出现于唐代，当时安徽淮南寿州窑、河南密县窑等都烧黄釉。但正色黄釉，还是宋代汝窑的高温黄釉——茶叶末釉。明代的黄釉有新的发展，洪武时的老僧衣即茶叶末的衍化；始于宣德的浇黄，更是明代杰出的黄釉；嘉靖以后，又有鱼子黄、鸡油黄等。入清后有康熙的淡黄，以及其后的菜尾、鼻烟、金酱等。
黄釉创烧于明初景德镇官窑，以弘治朝最为有名，浇黄釉瓷器烧造技术达到历史最高峰，其色泽均匀娇艳，因采用浇釉法施釉，故又称为"浇黄"或"娇黄"。
藏品介绍
中文名称：黄釉刻花龙纹碗
英文名称：Carved dragon bowl with yellow glaze
类别：瓷器
规格：一件
品相：美品
黄釉：瓷器釉色名。传统黄釉有两种：一，以三价铁离子着色的石灰釉，属高温釉；二，以含铁的天然矿物为着色剂，但基础釉是铅釉，属低温黄釉。明、清黄釉都是以铁为着色剂的铁黄，用氧化焰低温烧成，色黄润光滑，釉面晶莹透澈。
这对双圈大明成化年制六字青花款，青花吃进胎骨，出现晕散，胎底非常的细腻光滑为罕见的糯米胎底，糯米胎质的瓷器硬度高密度强，适合刻花，扣其声悠长悦耳，碗身刻花龙纹，有如龙袍一般美丽。
糯米胎：最早称之为“糯米汁胎”是形象描述胎体的质感，如同糯米经水磨后流出的米浆一般细腻、光滑。后被称为糯米胎，此胎极其细腻，是瓷石经过多次提炼极其细腻后才有的极品瓷胎，这种瓷胎轻扣声音清脆悦耳，胎质紧密，较一般瓷器硬度要高，抗热涨冷缩能力强，很多瓷器经历上百年时间就会自然的干裂，我们成为阴裂现象，与窑裂不同，是后期形成的，而糯米胎瓷器就不会出现这种问题，由于瓷土极其细腻，也不会出现棕眼的现象，是美瓷的重要要素。
明代龙纹：凶猛威武，胸前大多饰有曲折的绶带，身披火焰纹，怒发冲冠，咆哮于海涛祥云之间，以示主宰权势。
具体特征：头部略圆，比前朝显细，鬓发成篷，毛有向上冲或向斜上冲之势。下颚较长，特别是上颚端肌肉发达，高高突起，呈如意状，形如猪嘴，所以人称“猪嘴龙”；睫毛比较写实，眼睑的上边缘一般用数根短竖线表示睫毛；双须粗，伸展有力，形如鱼叉，部分龙纹的双须在局部处呈螺旋形曲折，但须尖成前冲，直而不弯；爪子第一第二趾相对成蟹钳状，趾间距离比较相近，形若风车；身体呈网格纹、锯齿纹较多。
黄釉,低温黄釉,帝王黄,宫廷黄,低温陶瓷颜料.黄釉易分散,着色力强,颜色鲜艳.低温黄釉色彩明快,广泛用于釉上装饰.黄釉颜料信息：化学名称：黄釉(低温黄釉)黄釉英文名称：Yellow黄釉别名：帝王黄，宫廷黄黄釉化学性质/ Chemical Character：Cd-Se-S黄釉外观/Physical Form：黄色粉末/ Yellow Powder。
龙纹祥云，六字青花款端正书写精美，刻花线条精妙绝伦，龙纹呈游走之势，且黄釉为帝王黄，在自然光线下出现漫反射，无任何贼光现象，胎质轻薄，工艺高超，薄如鸡缸杯，综上所述，明清两朝，黄釉龙纹碗均为皇家所用，具有极高的历史研究价值，以及经济收藏价值，可谓是千金易得，一宝难求。
釉里红瓷是传统陶瓷中的艺术珍品，属于元代中期景德镇劳动人民的重要发明之一。
釉里红瓷制作工序与同时代的青花瓷大体相同。它是以氧化铜作着色剂，于胎上绘画纹饰后，罩施透明釉，在高温还原焰气氛中烧成。因红色花纹在釉下，故称釉里红瓷。
釉里红(underglazered)是元代景德镇窑创烧的一种釉下彩绘。釉里红即釉下的红色，它以氧化铜在瓷坯上着彩，然后施透明釉，1300℃还原焰烧成。
但真正色彩鲜艳的极为罕见，这是因为它的制作过程复杂。这一工艺始于元代，明代达到成熟阶段，清代以后，更有所发展。
藏品介绍
中文名称：釉里红鸳鸯戏莲笔筒
英文名称：The youligong mandarin duck lotus pen holder
规格：一件
类别：瓷器
品相：美品
鸳鸯戏莲寓意着夫妻恩爱，连生贵子。
画面为鸳鸯戏莲图，以莲池鸳鸯为主体纹饰，所绘鸳鸯，前后追逐相随，在夏日莲花盛开的池塘中缓缓游动，形象逼真，意态自然，达到了很高的艺术水平。
釉里红瓷创烧于元代，但数量极少，可谓凤毛麟角。原因是铜离子对温度极为敏感，在窑炉中火候不到，呈现黑红色或灰红色；火候销过铜离子便挥发，从釉层中逸出，呈现特有的飞红现象或干脆退色，纹饰不连贯。当时烧柴窑很难控制窑温，只有凭把桩师父的经验与取出火照对比，无法大规模生产。而且元人尚白，汉人尚红，民族认同感也有别，所以釉里红产量一直很小。
此为玉璧底，形似玉璧，为祈福之意，底足氧化微黄，是由于瓷胎中含有微量铁元素，氧化所致，是时间留下的烙印，可见胎底修足痕迹明显，整体表现十分开门。
釉里红的烧制比青花还有难，窑温掌控要极其精细，在没有精密仪器的古代，完全是靠经验看火候，很难掌握，温度高了颜色就烧飞了，不该有红的地方会出现红色，温度低了就显得发黑，而能烧出这种十分完美的釉里红十分的难得，是一件值得收藏的宝瓷。
英文翻译：Yellow glaze is a traditional decorative art of ceramics of Han nationality. It first appeared in the Tang Dynasty, when the yellow glaze was burned in the Shouzhou Kiln in Huainan, Anhui Province, and the Mixian Kiln in Henan Province. But the positive yellow glaze is the high-temperature yellow glaze of Ru Kiln in Song Dynasty -- the tea end glaze. The yellow glaze of Ming Dynasty had a new development. The old monk's garment of Hongwu Period was the derivative of tea leaves. The pouring of yellow glaze, which began in Xuande, was an outstanding yellow glaze in Ming Dynasty. After Jiajing, there are roe yellow, yellow chicken oil, etc. After entering the Qing Dynasty, Kangxi's light yellow, as well as the vegetable tail, snuff, gold sauce and so on.
Yellow glaze was created and fired in Jingdezhen official kiln in the early Ming Dynasty, and it was most famous in the Hongzhi Dynasty. The firing technology of yellow glaze porcelain reached the highest point in history, and its color was uniform and delicate and charming. Because of the glaze method, it was also called "pouring yellow" or "Jiao yellow".
The collection is introduced
Chinese name: yellow glaze carved dragon pattern bowl
For over 2,000 years, dragon bowl with yellow glaze has been built
Category: Porcelain
Specification: One piece
Appearance: Beautiful
Yellow glaze: name of the glaze color of porcelain. There are two kinds of traditional yellow glaze: first, the lime glaze colored by ferric ion, which belongs to high temperature glaze; Second, natural minerals containing iron are used as colorants, but the basic glaze is lead glaze, which belongs to low-temperature yellow glaze. Ming and Qing yellow glazes are made of iron yellow as the coloring agent, burned at low temperature with oxide flame. The color is yellow and smooth, and the glaze is crystal clear.
This pair of double-ring Ming Chenghua six-character blue and white style, blue and white eat into the fetal bone, appear faint, the fetal bottom is very delicate and smooth for the rare glutinous rice fetal bottom, glutinous rice fetal porcelain hardness and high density, suitable for carving, button its sound is long and sweet, the bowl body carved with dragon pattern, as beautiful as a dragon robe.
Glutinous rice tire: the earliest known as "glutinous rice juice tire" is an image to describe the texture of the tire body, like glutinous rice after the water mill outflow of rice milk is generally fine and smooth. Called glutinous rice, after the child is very exquisite, is China stone some acura after many refined extremely delicate porcelain body, the porcelain body light sweet crisp, TaiZhi closely, more like porcelain higher hardness, heat from the cold resistance is strong, a lot of China experienced hundreds of years to naturally weather-shack, we become Yin crack phenomenon, unlike kiln crack, is formed in the late, The glutinous rice embryo porcelain will not have this problem, because the porcelain soil is extremely delicate, there will be no brown eye phenomenon, is an important element of the United States porcelain.
Dragon pattern in Ming Dynasty: fierce and powerful, most of the chest is decorated with zigzagging ribbons, wearing flame pattern, angry, roaring in the sea and clouds, to show the dominant power.
Specific features: the head is slightly round, thinner than the front, hair into a tent, hair up or synclinal on the rush of the potential. The lower jaw is long, especially the upper jaw end muscular, high protruding, was rusy-like, shaped like a pig's mouth, so called "pig's mouth dragon"; Eyelash is more realistic, the upper edge of eyelid expresses eyelash with a few short vertical lines commonly; The double whiskers are thick and powerful in extension, shaped like harpoons. Some of the double whiskers with dragon pattern are spiral-shaped and tortuous in local places, but they are pointed forward, straight and not bent. The first and second toes of the claws are relatively crab-like, and the distance between the toes is close, and the shape is like a windmill. The body shows the grid pattern, the sawtooth pattern more.
Yellow glaze, low temperature yellow glaze, emperor yellow, court yellow, low temperature ceramic pigment. The yellow glaze is easy to disperse, with strong coloring and bright color. Low temperature yellow glaze color bright, widely used in glaze decoration. Chemical Name: Yellow Glaze (Low Temperature Yellow Glaze) English Name: Yellow Glaze Alias: Imperial Yellow, Court Yellow Yellow Glaze Chemical Character: CD-SE-S Yellow Glaze
Dragon xiangyun, six to correct writing beautiful blue and white, hand-cut lines ring, dragon pattern showed the trend of traveling, and yellow glaze as the yellow emperor, offline appear diffuse natural light, without any thief light phenomenon, TaiZhi frivolous, superb technology, as thin as chicken cylinder cup, above all, Ming and qing dynasties, the yellow glaze bowls are used for the royal dragon pattern, has a very high value of historical research, As well as economic collection value, it can be said that a thousand gold is easy to get, a treasure is difficult to find.
The youligong porcelain is one of the artistic treasures in the traditional ceramics. It belongs to one of the important inventions of the working people of Jingdezhen in the middle Yuan Dynasty.
The production process of youligong porcelain is roughly the same as that of contemporary blue and white porcelain. It is made of copper oxide as a coloring agent, painted on the fetus, covered with transparent glaze, burned in the atmosphere of high temperature reduction flame. Because of the red pattern under the glaze, it is called red porcelain in the glaze.
Underglazered is a kind of underglaze painting created by Jingdezhen kiln in Yuan Dynasty. Juligong is the red under the glaze. It is colored with copper oxide on the porcelain blank, and then applied transparent glaze and burned by reducing flame at 1300℃.
But truly colourful ones are rare because of the complexity of the process. This craft began in the Yuan Dynasty, reached a mature stage in the Ming Dynasty, and developed after the Qing Dynasty.
The collection is introduced
Chinese name: youligong mandarin duck lotus pen holder
The Youligong Mandarin Duck Lotus Pen Holder
Specification: One piece
Category: Porcelain
Appearance: Beautiful
Yuanyang play lotus meaning conjugal love, even birth of a noble son.
The picture is of mandarin ducks in lotus pond, with mandarin ducks in lotus pond as the main decoration. The mandarin ducks are chasing after each other, swimming slowly in the lotus pond in summer, with vivid image and natural mood, reaching a high artistic level.
Youli red porcelain was created and burned in the Yuan Dynasty, but the number was very small, it can be described as rare. The reason is that the copper ion is very sensitive to temperature, and it can not be heated in the kiln, so it appears black red or grayish red. The copper ions will evaporate after the fire and escape from the glaze layer, showing a unique red phenomenon or simply fade, and the pattern is not coherent. At that time, it was very difficult to control the kiln temperature, and only by comparing the experience of the pile master with the fire light, it could not be produced on a large scale. And Yuan is still white, Han is still red, the sense of national identity is also different, so youligong production has been small.
This is a jade base, shaped like a jade base, for blessing. The oxidized foot is slightly yellow, which is caused by the oxidation of trace iron in the porcelain tire, and it is the imprint left by time. It can be seen that the foot trimming marks on the tire bottom are obvious, and the overall performance is very open.
Youligong fire is more difficult than blue and red, the kiln temperature control to be extremely careful, in the absence of precision instrument in ancient, sheer experience unfinished, it is difficult to grasp, the temperature is high color burn fly, there should be no red place will appear red, low temperature is black, and can burn out this very perfect youligong very rare, is a worthy collection of porcelain.
