正文翻译
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.com 翻译：山东姐妹 转载请注明出处
Today's batteries are increasingly powerful and efficient,even at the most extreme temperatures.Kind of heart-warming, isn't it?
如今的电池性能越来越强劲和高效，即使在最极冷的温度下也能动作良好。这让人有点暖心，不是吗？
While dissecting a frog in 1786 the Italian researcher Galvani noted when a scalpel touch the leg muscle, it contracted from electric current produced.
1786年，意大利学者伽伐尼在解剖青蛙的时候，注意到一个现象，当手术刀碰到青蛙腿部肌肉时，一股电流导致青蛙的腿收缩。
Later Volta believed the current was produced by the metal instruments the animal being only a conductor.
后来伏特认为这电流，是由金属器械产生的，青蛙只是充当了导体。
The sheet has to be further thinned.Placed on a roller it is carried to the laminator. At room temperature it's thinned once again. In just twenty minutes the five-kilo ingot will be transformed into a thin 250-micron sheet some 200 meters in length.
但锂片还得再薄一些，于是将其放置在滚轴传送到层压机。在室温下，锂片更薄了。在短短的二十分钟内，这块五公斤的钢锭变成了一张200米长 250微米厚的锂薄片 。
This laminator completes the thinning of the sheet to between 20 and 40 microns.The resulting two-kilometer long sheet will allow for fabrication of 210 battery units.
经过层压机轧薄后，锂膜的厚度只有20到40微米 而其长度延伸到了近2千米，可供制作210个蓄电池 。
Lithium is a soft sticky metal.For this reason a polypropylene film has to be fixed on the lithium sheet.Without this protection the sheet would adhere to itself and become unusable.
锂是比较软粘的金属。因此在锂薄片表面，必须覆盖一层聚丙烯薄膜。要是没有这层保护，锂片就会粘在一起，无法使用了 。
The sheet will be used individual battery cells.Then the cells will be assembled in series and parallel and inserted into modules of different shapes.To make an individual battery cell the sheet has to be rolled out.This automated spooling machine winds up the lithium film in 26 revolutions.
锂片会被用来制造单独的电池单元，然后这些电池单元会被串联、并联起来，装入不同形状的模块中。在制造电池单元时，先把锂膜辗平，接着自动卷轴机再把锂膜卷26圈 。
This takes just a few seconds since the metal cools very quickly.The battery is now finished.It comprises four elements:Lithium which accesses the anode a metallic oxide cathode, a dry solid polymer electrolyte and a metallic current collector.
这一工序在几秒钟内就能完成 ，现在电池制造工序完毕 ，它由四部分组成：锂金属做成的阳极 ，金属氧化物做成的阴极 ，固体聚合物电解质和金属集电器。
All the remains to be done is the assembling of individual battery cells into a module.It begins with the placing of individual cells onto one another and isolating them with foam so that they don't touch each other.
接下来要做的就是，把单个电池单元组装成一个电池模块 。首先是将单个电池单元叠成一块，然后用泡沫塑料把它们彼此隔开 。
These red sheets are actually heating elements, since lithium-metal-polymer function at temperatures between 40 and 80 degrees centigrade.All of the individual battery cells of completed modules are connected to electronic card located above the module.
这些红色的板子其实是加热元件 ，由于锂高分子聚合物电池在40到80摄氏度之间才能正常运作 ，当所有电池单元都连接到模块上面的电路板后，一个电池模块就完成了。
The finished modules are connected to one another in series and parallel to form a battery pack which can be used in an electric automobile or a hybrid vehicle.
把电池模块串联并联起来就做好了一个电池组，可以用来驱动电动车和混合动力汽车。
Here we see these modules of a battery pack for a hybrid vehicle an automobile that works with a gasoline-powered motor and an electric motor.
眼前这个就是混合驱动汽车的电池组，混合驱动汽车是既可以由汽油驱动也可以由电力驱动的汽车。
This prototype battery was created for a total electric vehicle.It surpasses heavy traditional lead-acid batteries that can''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''t develop the same amount of electric energy and which have much shorter lifespan.
这是个为电动汽车设计的电池样品，它的性能超越了传统笨重的铅酸电池，不仅电量更大而且充放电寿命更长。
I hope you enjoyed our show today.We want to take you behind the scenes
此刻，我希望你会喜欢我们的造物百科，我们想带你见识制造业的幕后原理。
造物百科-474车用蓄电池回收
How Its Made - 474 Car Battery Recycling
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=afvOGDB5xa8
电池报废了，但它并不是垃圾
Car batteries may die but that doesn''''t mean it''''s the end of the road for the components.These lead-acid batteries are routinely recycled.
汽车电池电量会耗尽但这并不意味着这些零部件就要报废了。
这些铅酸蓄电池通常会被回收利用。
This keeps toxic materials out of landfills and it means we get a lot more mileage out of those old car batteries.
这样可以防止有毒物质污染土地，也意味着我们通过利用那些旧的汽车电池，可以为汽车产业创造里程数。
This battery may be toast but it''''s not trash, because dead car batteries are jump-starting a major recycling industry.
电池或许报废了，但它并不是垃圾，因为废弃的汽车电池开启了一项重要回收产业 。
EverStart
镜头切到：沃尔玛旗下蓄电池
Pallets of old batteries are tipped on to a conveyor.It takes them up into an enclosed machine that has over thirty rotating hammers. They smash the old batteries to bits, and then a screen filters out the lead-acid paste.
旧电池的托盘被倾倒在传送带上。传送带将其送进一个封闭的机器里，机器里有三十多个旋转的锤子，会把旧电池砸得粉碎，然后用筛子过滤出铅酸膏。
（铅酸是无机酸，氧化铅（IV）的水合物的总称，铅酸有正铅酸H4PbO4，六羟基铅酸H2[Pb(OH)6]、偏铅酸H2PbO3。通常以铅酸盐的形式存在。）
They remove it and add it to the pile of lead and other metals.The water from the deacidification process contains some metallic residues so they treat it with chemicals that cause the contaminants to precipitate then settle into a sludge on the bottom of the tanks.
工人将它们取下并加到铅和其它金属中，除酸过程的水含有一些金属残留，需要用化学制剂处理使污染物沉淀，在池底形成沉淀物。
They sample the water to make sure the particles are settling properly. They pump out the sludge and then filter the water, which now meets regulatory standards and can be poured down the drain.
工人对水取样，以确保金属微粒能够适当沉淀，把沉淀物抽出，然后将水过滤，此时水达符合管理标准，可以由下水道排出。
The sludge goes into that big pile of lead and other metals.They add a few shovels full of refined coal to the pile as a processing aid. Then the battery solids head up a conveyor into a revolving drier.The metals spend twenty minutes in here to remove any excess moisture.
沉淀物则进入铅与其它金属的混合物中，工人将混合物中加入几铲精煤作为加工佐剂，之后这些固体由传送带送入旋转式干燥器，在这里加热二十分钟去除多余水分。
Then it''''''''s into a furnace for ten hours.The lead melts into a liquid, and the other metals float to the surface, allowing them to be skimmed off.
之后放入熔炉内十小时，铅熔化成液态，其它金属物质会浮在表面，可以将它们过滤出来。
The molten lead goes into a big steel kettle, where it''''s mixed with caustic soda. This cause some remaining contaminants to float to the surface so they can be removed. The liquid lead is now fairly pure, so it''''s time to pour.
熔铅进入一个大钢炉中与烧碱混合，这会导致一些残留的污染物漂浮在表面方便去除，待液铅相对纯净后就可倒出。
How Its Made - 1209 Foldable Solar Panels
Https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mgvAxAOq0jw
可折叠的太阳能电池板是在1990年为在战场上的美国士兵而研发的。
FOLDABLE SOLAR PANELSWERE INVENTED IN THE 1990sFOR AMERICAN SOLDIERSIN THE FIELD.
可折叠的太阳能电池板是在1990年为在战场上的美国士兵而研发的。
THEY USE THEM TO RECHARGE ELECTRONIC DEVICES.
美国士兵使用这些太阳能电池板充电器给电子设备充电。
THE PANELS HAVE ENVIRONMENTALAND TACTICAL ADVANTAGES,CONSERVING BOTH ELECTRICITYAND PHYSICAL ENERGY.
太阳能电池板具有环境和战术优势，既保存电力又节约士兵体力。
TODAY, FOLDABLE SOLAR PANELSARE NOT JUST FOR THE MILITARY.
如今，可折叠的太阳能电池板不止用于军方。
THESE LIGHT WEIGHT PANELSCAN BE FOLDED UPAND TUCKED INTO A BACKPACK,ALLOWING ANYONETO ESCAPE TO THE WILDERNESS BUT STAY PLUGGED IN.
这些重量轻的太阳能面板可以折叠起来，塞进一个背包里，让任何人荒野余生，还有电用。
PRODUCTION STARTS WITH A ROLLOF THIN PLASTIC FILM.
该太阳能面板的生产始于加工一卷薄塑料薄膜。
IT'S THE SAME MATERIALUSED TO MAKE FLAT-SCREEN TVs.
这和制造平板电视用的材料是一样的。
A WORKER LOADS IT INTO MACHINES THAT DISTRIBUTE THIN LAYERS OF ALUMINUM AND SILICON ONTO IT.
镜头切到：一个工人把它装到机器里，让薄层的铝和硅覆盖其上
THE ALUMINUM ACTSAS AN ELECTRICAL CONTACT.
铝作为电触头。
A SQUEEGEE FORCES THE INKTHROUGH TO THE SOLAR FILM.
橡皮滚轴会迫使金属银墨水沿着印线渗透进太阳能薄膜。
THIS CREATES A CONDUCTIVE GRIDON THE FILM.
此举会在薄膜上形成一个个导电的网格。
A CAMERA MAGNIFIES THE GRIDFOR INSPECTION.
用一台照相机变焦放大来检查网格。
THE SOLAR FILM TRAVELSTHROUGH A CHAMBERWHERE HEAT CURES THE SILVER INK.
将太阳能薄膜送进一个能加工银墨水的机器。
A LASER NOWCONNECTS THE SOLAR CELLS,lixING THE BOTTOM ALUMINUMLAYER OF ONE CELLTO THE TOP SILICON LAYEROF THE NEXT.
现在要用一束激光将太阳能电池相连（并联？），让电池的底部铝层连接到电池顶部的硅层。
THE LASER TIES THEM TOGETHERSIMILAR TOHOW A SOLDERING TOOL WOULD.
激光就像一个焊接工具，把它们连接在一起。
THIS ESTABLISHEsextRICAL CONNECTIONSAND INCREASES THE VOLTAGESIGNIFICANTLY.
这样就建立了电子连接，还大大增加了电压。
A DIFFERENT CAMERAMAGNIFIES THE CONNECTIONSTO CHECK THE ALIGNMENT.
第二台照相机则放大连接处以检查校准。
NOW, A WORKER LOADSTHE SOLAR FILM INTO A MACHINE.
现在镜头切到：另一名工人要把太阳能薄膜装进一台机器里。
IT DEPOSITS A TRANSPARENT OXIDEONTO THE FILMTHAT WILL INCREASE CONDUCTIVITY.
机器让薄膜上沉积了一层透明的氧化物，从而增加导电性。
THESE SOLAR CELLSARE NOW FULLY FUNCTIONAL.
到了这一步这些太阳能电池现在功能齐全了。
THE NEXT MACHINE TESTS EACH ONE.
下一台机器会测试每一块电池。
IT ALSO APPLIES A CONDUCTIVE FOIL TAPE AT CERTAIN POINTS.
机器还会在某些点贴上导电箔带。
A LASER CUTS THE FABRICAROUND THE PANELS.
激光沿着太阳能面板的边缘切割那块料子。
HEATED ROLLERS BOND THE PLASTICPANELS TO THE FABRIC.
加热的滚筒可以让塑料板与料子粘结在一起。
NOW, AN EMPLOYEEBURNS THROUGH CLEAR PLASTIC FILMTO REACH THE CONDUCTIVE FOIL.
现在镜头切到：一名工人正在用电烙铁烧穿透明的塑料板，以到达导电箔片。
HE SOLDERS WIRE TO THE FOILAT THESE POINTS TO CONNECTTHE POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE LEADS.
他给这些焊点焊上电线以连接正极和负极。
THE WIRE IS FLEXIBLEAND WILL BEND WITH THE FABRICWHEN IT'S FOLDED.
电线是可弯曲的，会随着布料的折叠而发生弯曲。
IT CAN POWER A LAPTOPOR A SMARTPHONE,KEEPING THE USERCONNECTED ANYWHERE IN THE WORLD.
它可以为笔记本电脑或智能手机供电，让用户与世界各地方随时保持联系。
